A Study Of "Miao"s’ Private Ethnography In The Qing Dynasty Guizhou

Ethnography is not only an important literature for studying society culture of ethical region, but also a studying material for the ethnic origin. Ancient China paid attention to ethnical minorities record for a long time. For example, in the official records, there are a lot of special geography, biography literature about four ethnics. To the Qing Dynasty, the country governed territory is vast, various ethnographic have emerged, so the private ethnography is became popular. Guizhou has been a important area for national exchange and fusion since ancient times. After the central officials instead of the local officials, many ethnics covered by the historical dust, appears in the official records and private writting. There are Various private ethnographic records and different customs, which is important and valuable in research. This paper selects representative in Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty private" Miao" ethnography as a group study.This paper research the consummation of Guizhou private" Miao" ethnography in Qing Dynasty, and find reasons of the writing, the version, the main contents and the author’s life story books at first. and illustrate the " Miao" ethnographic writing style and the arrangement of it. After that, this paper also try to points out the"Miao" ethnography is a important part of ethnographic according. At last, this paper will distinguish various ethnic groups that record in the private" Miao" ethnographic records in Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty with modern ethnic mode. First, discusses the evolution of ancient Chinese historical literature on"Miao"" Man", and point out the recording rules in Qing Dynasty of general "Miao" and special’Miao’records. Then we will use the historical document alignment method, take the Guizhou modern nation as the coordinates, use the method of language spectrum, historical literature, and folklore method to illustrate the ethnic identification of the ethnic groups, such as," Bai Miao"," HeiMiao"," huaMiao"," DongMiao "," RORO"," The men of Bo"," white boy"," natives"," Ethnic group of long","Ethnic group of zhong "" Dong Miao"," Ethnic group of Sui"," Ethnic group of long Ling"," Ethnic group of Song"," Ethnic group of Chai"," Miao Gelao"," Mu lao""Yi Zi" and thus categorized as Miao Yao Tibeto-Burman ethnic, Tibeto-Burman ethnic,Zhuang-Dong ethnic, the Chinese language group of immigrant minority in Guizhou.The Miao keep their own culture and customs for along time. The culture in the Miaos’Private ethnography of Qing Dynasty is rich and colorful. It is relate to the culture of Miao nationality today. In this paper, we will use Zhong Jing wen’s method to classifly the custom of the Miao’s material production and the life of them in agriculture, handicraft industry, commerce, catering, accommodation, clothing, social customs organization, marriage, funeral, spiritual culture festival, belief, taboo, and discusses the historical evolution process and customs cultural meaning briefly.Finally,this paper will points out that the private" Miao" ethnography play an important role in studying the local culture, the origin of the minority ethnic, the nationality, the evolution of them in production and daily life. At the same time, this paper also analysing the limitations of Guizhou private" Miao" ethnography in a method of dialectical and historical opinion.