Archeological Research Of QunShu Based On A Regional Systematic Investigation Of Hangbuhe Basin

From the western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn period, many small countries were founded in Jianghuai areas in Anhui Province. Among them, many small countries surnamed Yan found by offspring of Gao Yao, including Shu, Longshu, Shubao, Shuyong, Shujiu and so on, were collectively known as Qunshu. Its geographical location is about "to the east of Huaihe River, to the north of Changjiang River, now being Huoqiu, Shouxian, Lu’an, Huoshan, Hefei, Shucheng, Lujiang, Tongcheng, Huaining and so on, between Dabie Mountains in the west and Chaohu Lake in the east". Qunshu is an important step in Pre-qin history of Anhui Province, having great influence on the development of the early culture in Jianghuai areas. However, the history of Qunshu was only fragmentarily recorded in literature and has not being researched in detail from the angle of archaeology. This thesis discusses the method to research Qunshu and emphasizes the application of Settlement archaeology method in the research of Qunshu based on a regional systematic investigation of Hangbuhe Basin which is aimed at the research of Qunshu.The first chapter of this thesis is preface. It mainly states the origin of Qunshu and its composition of ethnic group of Qunshu recorded in literature and problems to be solved in the research of Qunshu. Through this, it states the significant of archaeological observation of Qunshu, namely significance of the subject.The second chapter summarizes current archaeological research on Qunshu and analyzes limitations of previous research on Qunshu. At present, on one hand, archaeological data of archaeological research on Qunshu is from scattered investigation and disinterment of remains in Zhou dynasty in Jianghuai areas; on the other hand, it is the research of bronze ware of Qunshu. This thesis analyzes advantages and limitations of this research method and put forwards the research method to be applied.The third chapter is the investigation of the relations between archaeological culture in the midstream of Hangbuhe and Qunshu, mainly being archaeological analysis of investigated materials of regional system in Hangbuhe. It compares specimen collected in this investigation with surrounding material, researches through archaeological typology and analyzes its cultural factors at the same time. It searches for Huaiyi cultural factors, Dongyi cultural factors, Wuyue cultural factors, and Zhou cultural factors in archaeological culture of the midstream of Hangbuhe and discusses the relation of these to ethnic group of Qunshu.The forth chapter is the settlement archaeological observation of Qunshu society. Settlement archaeology is a newly rising archaeological method based on regional systematical investigation to scientifically research social form from multi-layer. The research of settlement pattern can comprehensively reflect living conditions and social structures of ancient people and can completely show social, economic and cultural development situation of an area. For researching Qunshu better, we also try applying settlement archaeology method in the research of Qunshu. This chapter observes settlement regional form and settlement internal form in the midstream of Hangbuhe to preliminarily analyze Qunshu society. The continuing application of settlement archaeology method in the research of Qunshu will play a more important role in deeper exploration of Qunshu culture, social form and other aspects.The fifth chapter is conclusion. It summarizes cultural features and cultural factors of Qunshu and discusses related questions. It is believed by the author that the research of Qunshu should be based on literature research and traditional archaeological methods and then settlement archaeology method should be introduced to solve questions related with Shuqun on target.