The Evolution Of Consonants Called Guangyun Zhuangz In Northern Dialect Of Chinese

In this thesis,we set the issue of the irregular development of the ancient consonants called "Zhuangzu "in modern Beijing dialect as the entry point, take the words belonging to "Guangyun Zhuangzu zi"as the object for study and comb out the variation of these consonants in both crabwise and vertical ways, as a result,we discover that the change of Zhuangzu zi in the north and south was asynchronous since Jin and south Song.Influenced by wars and migrations,alongside with the auto change of Chinese,this asynchronism led to the complex state of Guangyun Zhuangzu zi in modern Chinese northern dialect.In this article,by analyzing phonetic books written in Ming/Qing and modern dialect,we classify modern Chinese northern dialect to five type clearly and describe the paces of each type generally.Finally,we conclude that Guangyun Zhuangzu consonants in Nanjing Guanhua disappeared quite early in Yuan/Ming, while they didn’t disappeared in the northern Guanhua until early Qing dynasty. The irregular development of the "Zhuangzu "consonants in modern Beijing dialect is the result of the mixture of Nanjing Guanhua/the northern Guanhua and Manqing Guanhua.In the introduction of this thesis,we point out the regular behind the irregular development of the "Zhuangzu "consonants in modern Beijing dialect and assured that modern Beijing dialect was influenced by Nanjing Guanhua by studying phonetic books written in late Ming and early Qing. In the following first chapter,we compile all the Zhuangzu zi in "Guangyun"and discover that the second class and the third class of zhuangzu zi are complementary in Guangyun.In the second chapter,we comb out the variation of consonants of Zhuangzu zi in Ming in vertical way and divide the Zhuangzu consonants after Yuan into two systems to discuss.In the third chapter,we study Zhuangzu zi in modern northern dialect in crabwise way,classify modern Chinese northern dialect to five type clearly and describe the area of each type generally.In the fourth chapter,we combine the crabwise and vertical ways together,take phonetic books written in Ming/Qing as a bridge,connecting Guangyun phonetic system and modern dialect,describe the paces of each type and explain them.In the sixth section of this chapter,we summarize the whole thesis,describe the phonetic values of Zhuangzu and it’s relationship with other consonants totally,and doubt the theory of Zhuangzu mixture with another two classes of consonants called Zhang and Zhi.In the fifth chapter,we explain the basis we depend to judge.,supplement the changing pace of consonants called Guangyun Zhizu,and provide explanation to special changes of Zhuangzu zi.Totally,from Guangyun to Yuan,the evolution was mainly in phonetic value,while in Ming and Qing,the evolution was mainly in the changes of Zhuangzu caused by the disappearance of the sub-sound of Zhangzu.