The Study Of The Consonant Of Dialect In Weijin And The Northern&Southern Dynasties

In Weijin and the Northern&Southern Dynasties,the Fan Qie thrived and the translation of Buddhist Scriptures was popular.The original phonetic method was also inherited,abundant of phonetic notation material were left.There are a lot of phonetic notation in rhyme dictionary,word book and rhythmic dictionary,such as tangential,phonetic ones,the same pronunciation,some presence of ancient and modern words and variant characters,they are the basic of the study of ancient Chinese phonetics.The research object of this paper is the consonant of phonology in Wenjin and the Northern&Southern Dynasties.First,the author from the perspective of dialect geography,then using the largest common divisor,made a division for the 110 writers who have phonetic notation in this period are divided into nine dialects.Second,using the Qie Yun as reference,the author made a contrastive analysis among the phonetics in each dialect by using the comparison method for phonetic notations based on phoneme structure and the comparison method for phonetic notations based on one by one.4064 phonetic notations are figured out in this thesis by using the statistical method,this research works out the first characters in Qie and the consonant system of Wenjin and the Northern&Southern Dynasties.There were 33 consonant in Wenjin and the Northern&Southern Dynasties.Characters are below,1.Labial initials:light labial initials have not been differentiated but shown a tendency to differentiate.There are only four categories of labial initials,they are heavy labial bang(?)?pang(?)?bing(?)?ming(?).2.Dorsal initials:Tip-tonged affricates was used dividedly in Yideng rhyme but was still read as Tip-tonged affricates in Erdeng rhyme.The division of niang(?)is the latest.There were only four categories of dorsal initials duan(?)?tou(?)?ding(?)?ni(?).3.Ancient initial "Ri"and ancient initial "Lai" were basically,each of them was one category,but the ancient initial "Ri" was mixed more easily with ni(?)niang(?),it probably still belonged to dorsal initials,but shown a tendency of transformation toward initial syllables and dental consonants.Such as West of the valley,Central Plains and Qi.4.Yayin had a strong independence,Initial-word of tangential was divided into two categories,they didn't mix with each other.5.Dental include three categories,Jing group?Zhuang group?Zhang group;cong(?)and xie(?)were mixed in Southern Chinese dialects area,but there were also examples which cong and xie were mixed in Northern Chinese dialects area during the three kingdoms period,but the consonants of xie(?)had existed,they are independent consonants.The speed of separation of zhuang group was different in different dialect district,they were generally separated from Jing group,included zhuang?chu?chong?sheng.Zhang group was mainly originated from duan(?)zhi(?)system.They were separated in this period;the examples of Ziqie of consonant of chuan(?)were few in Southern Chinese dialects district,they were still mixed with the consonant of chan(?)and were not independent,but in Northern Chinese dialect district,chan(?)and chuan(?)were used separately,five consonants zhang(?)chang(?)chan(?)shu(?)chuan(?)were included,the consonants of chan(?)were affricate,the consonants of chuan(?)were fricative.