The Claims And Practice On London Housing Problems For The Poor (1850-1914)

Britain is the first industrialized country in the modern history of the world’s major powers and the first country which is to achieve the powers of urbanization,it has an unique significance in the history of the world, and it provide references for the rest of the world about how to deal with the problems of industrialization, urbanization.This page research the problems about London housing for the poor and the claims,all kinds of the practice which is caused by the problems from1850to1914,this page mainly discuss the problems of London housing problems for the poor in the middle of the nineteenth century,the social and ideological root of housing issues,the practice and influence in easing the housing problems for the poor which is made by folk housing organization from1850to1880,the claim of all kinds of mainstream ideology in housing problems for the poor from1850to1914and the new breakthrough of the housing problems of the poor.This paper is divided into four parts.The first part,dealing with the problems of London housing for the poor and the social and ideological root of housing issues in the mid-19th. Intertwined problems in the industrialization and urbanization in London in the late19th century,the housing problem in London is serious outstanding which is manifested in the housing space feels cramped,housing conditions, housing and poor conditions,the expensive rent and so on.The housing problem affect all aspects of society.However,the classical liberalism is still the mainstream of society,the traditional social ideology made many problems that government intervention is not enough.The whole society didn’t pay attention to the housing problem for the poor,and the social thought made by housing problem is the root of housing problems for the poor which cannot be solved in time.The second part of the paper discusses some practice organized by folk housing organizations which has responding compassionate based on the seriously housing problems in Britain which has a long tradition of the charity.In practice,Model Dwelling and Octavia Hill system had great effects.Model Dwelling has the characteristics of the housing era,and insisted on that charity and the free market economy can be accommodated and earnestly implemented,and it larger and more successful than the construction which is led by the government;the dominant idea of Octavia Hill system is the middle class’s "self-help" concept, but in practice,Octavia Hill solved the poor and improve the ability the poor economy.It was a supplement for Model Dwelling and a kind of innovation.Model Dwelling and Octavia Hill system also have insufficient side, in the industrialization,the urbanization of the high development of the British capital,there are too many poor people can’t solve the housing problem.The third part of the paper discusses the mainstream social thought in solving the poor housing on the question of the claim from1850to1914. The social Faces the increasingly serious of the housing problem for the poor,in the promotion and enlightenment by the half a charity of folk organization,plus the survey by social scientists Edwin Chadwick and Charles Booth,a wide variety of factors contributed to awake a whole society.During this awakening,mainstream social’s thought of social problems has changed.Classical liberalism turned into new liberalism,claimed the government took more active into action for housing problem.Fabian socialism and collectivism also stand in their position and putforward their own claims.The fourth part mainly discusses the new development and actual effect to solve the poor housing problem in London from1880to1914.In the face of the housing problem in London for the poor,the government negatively disposed by the classical liberalism and "self-help" tradition.Until1880’s,the folk housing organization had took practice in the London housing problems for the poor,and provided the reference for the government housing policy.And because of the influence of the mainstream social thoughts,the government had took more active measures.At the same time,the folk housing organizations improved existing housing style and the quality of housing based on the experience are absorbed by the original experience,consequently Guinness Housing Trust,such a new generation of model housing organizations gradually appeared; Octavia Hill system have new development and widely recognized by the society.This paper focuses on revealing the influence of social thought which is made by social reality through the analysis of the history about housing problem for the poor in London from1850to1914,the interactive benefit between the folk organizations and the official organization,and reproducing the history role in promoting social development by social thought, folk organizations, the government.Cosequently,because of the fluence of all sorts of reasons,the housing problem for the poor can’t be completely resolved,but it provided valuable experience and lessons to solve the problem, it is a great thing to research and using for reference for us.