The Relationship Among Actual-Ideal Self Discrepancy， Rumination And Depression

In this study1780high school students were invited by the Adolescent’s ActualSelf and Ideal Self Questionnaire that by adopting self-designed，CES-D, SAS andRRS. To investigate the level and characteristics of actual self, ideal self andactual-ideal self discrepancy in adolescent. and investigate the mood effect ofself-discrepancy under Chinese cultural background. To explore the relationshipsbetween actual-ideal self discrepancy, rumination and depression. Then eligiblesubjects were rated as the high self-discrepancies (n=40) and the lowself-discrepancies(n=40) from817students, First, Each group of subjects wererandomly divided into2groups, and respectively executed induced rumination anddistraction task, finally61students were induced successfully in stroop task. Second,required the participants judge border color of mood faces in stroop task, and recordthe response time as index. Discuss the mechanism of rumination and distraction toactual-ideal self discrepancy.The results show that,(1) The Self-discrepancy questionnaires, including5correspondent factors whichare social self, moral self, academic self, physical self and family self, They couldexplain48.411%of the total variances and had acceptable credibility and validity.(2) The adolescents’ self discrepancy from high to low in order as academic self,moral self, family self,social self and physical self.(3) The different grades were significant difference in self discrepancy. With therise of grades, the gap of actual-ideal self discrepancy showed a rising trend.Especially in the social self-discrepancy and academic self-discrepancy.(4) The self discrepancy was positively correlated with depression and anxiety.Physical self-discrepancy and family self-discrepancy can predict the anxiety, Thefamily self-discrepancy, physical self-discrepancy and social self can predict thedepression. (5) Through path analysis, Self discrepancy influenced depression directly，andwhile self discrepancy indirectly influence depression through rumination。(6) When judge border color of positive and negative mood faces, high selfdiscrepancy were significant difference under rumination and distraction inducing.(7) Under distraction inducing. The high self discrepancy pay more attention topositive mood faces. The low self discrepancy pay more attention to neutral moodfaces.(8) Rumination and distraction has different mechanism to high-low selfdiscrepancies.