| Andre Lefevere, as a representative of the Manipulation School, declared thatthree social and cultural factors, which are ideology, poetics and patronage, influencetranslation. Traditionally, the process of translating was regarded as the only linguistictransformation between two different languages. However, Lefevere pointed out thatliterary translations are not only lexical shifts, nor introduction of new literary forms.The translation process is influenced by several social and cultural factors.(Lefevere,2004:1-10) The influences mainly include the influences on the choice of the originaland the translation strategies. Due to different social and cultural backgrounds of thetranslators, one original may have many different Chinese versions. But because ofthe characteristics of CL (shortened as CL in the following), the differences may lieonly in the strategies of detailed translation.The target readers of CL are children; hence, the translator should see from theview of children and take their need and cognition level into consideration whiletranslating. Since CL carries several obvious features such as easy language, directexpressions and simple sentence structures, the translator should use a languagepattern which can be accepted by children.As one of the most popular and classic works of children’s literature all over theworld, The Wizard of Oz is still one of children’s favorite novels at present. However, as more and more novels for children are coming forth, researchers who arespecializing in The Wizard of Oz are rare. By skimming and doing research on CNKIon-line, the author has found only less than20papers studying The Wizard of Oz.Hence, with Lefevere’s manipulation theory as its theoretical framework, thisthesis attempts to take The Wizard of Oz as a case study. Here, the two Chineseversions from Chen Bochui and Ma Ainong were chosen. Chen Bochui is one of themost well-known writers and translators of CL both at home and abroad. Ma Ainonggains her fame by translating Harry Potter. This thesis includes the analysis on theinfluences on the translators from the perspectives of the ideology of the socialbackground in which the translators were living when translating, poetics andpatronage. Finally it proves that, the choices of the original and translating strategiesof the translators are indeed influenced by the ideology, poetics as well as patronageof their time. The manipulation theory is scientific and rational.The first part gives an introduction of the research background, significance ofthis thesis and research methods.Chapter One is a literature review of the past CL translation and study in Chinaas well as an introduction of CL translations and studies of the translation of TheWizard of Oz in China.Chapter Two focuses on the theoretic framework. It first gives a briefintroduction of the Manipulation School and Lefevere’s rewriting theory, then givesthe concepts of three manipulations. Later, the three factors’ influence on literarytranslation is discussed.Chapter Three focuses on the definition of CL, and translating manipulation onchildren’s literature in China.Chapter Four includes brief introduction of The Wizard of Oz and the languagefeatures of Chen Bochui and Ma Ainong.Chapter Five studies the manipulative influence on two translators’ choice of theoriginal and translation strategies from the perspectives of ideology, poetics andpatronage. In this chapter, several comparisons of two translators are made to examinethe scientific and rational essence of the manipulation theory. Finally comes to the conclusion that the social and cultural factors do influencethe translations of the translators. |
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