Study On The Negotiation Of Reparations Issue Between Japan And Burma After The World War ?(1948-1954)

After the World War ?,when Japan was under occupied by the United States,the economic and trade relationship between Japan and Southeast Asia was based on the relationship between the United States and Southeast Asia.When Japan become independence,for the sake of consolidating and expanding the relationship,it requires the normalization of relations between Japan and Southeast Asian countries.But Reparations Issue made it impossible.Although Japan achieved independence by San Francisco Peace Treaty in 1952,it failed to meet the demand of the Southeast Asian countries on the Reparations Issue.Philippines and Indonesia not ratified the Treaty,Burma even didn't attend Peace Conference.So in order to reconstructing of the political and economic relations between Japan and Southeast Asia,Reparations Issue still need to be resolved.Burma was the first Southeast Asian country,which solved the Reparations Issue with Japan in 1954.At the initial phase of negotiations,Burma was not positive on dealing with the Reparations Issue,and Japan tended to neglect Burma,which led to the lack of progress on negotiations between two countries.During this period,around the principle of "Services on production" dictated by San Francisco Peace Treaty,two sides launched negotiations.At last,Japan made concessions in the principle of"Services on production",essentially breaking the regulation of the San Francisco Peace Treaty.After Japanese concessions,and due to the needs of domestic revival and economic development,Burma became positive on Reparations Issue.But at the same time,Japan insisted on the ratio of 4 to 2 to 1 to distinguish between the Philippines,Indonesia and Burma.But Japan-Indonesia and Japan-Philippines' reparation negotiations had a history of failure.Because of that,both Japan and Burma showed lack of confidence in negotiations.But also because of this,Japan wanted to find a breakthrough from Burma.Under the complicated minds,Japan and Burma entered into formal negotiations for Reparations Issue in 1954.In the negotiations,the Japanese officials and people cooperated with each other.Economic cooperation was integrated with reparations by Japan,meeting the demands of Burma on equal treatment and strengthening the economic relations.Then on the insist by Burma,Equality Clause also be inserted into agreement.Finally,Japan and Burma solved the Reparations Issue,and signed the Agreement for Reparations and Economic Cooperation between Japan and the Union of Burma.Why could Japan-Burma be the first one to solve the Reparations Issue.Demanding for domestic renaissance and economic development was one of the main reasons.Besides International situation,domestic economy and the attitude on the reparations problem were also had good effect.Comparing to other Southeast Asian countries,Burma had more stable political situation,friendly attitude towards Japan and U Kyaw Nyein's leadership,which played a positive role.It was worth noting that the connection between Japan-Burma Reparations Issue and Japan with other counties'.On the one hand,the process and consequence of Japan and other countries'negotiations affected the Reparations Issue between Japan and Burma.On the other hand,the settlement of the Japan-Burma Reparations also affected the solution of Japan and other Southeast Asian countries on Reparations Issue.In a word,Japan-Burma reparation negotiations was a beneficial attempt to deal with Japan and South Asian countries' relationship.As a result,Japan broke the dilemma on the Reparation Issue with Southeast Asia,then agreed with the Philippines and Indonesia on the war reparation.So in favorable conditions,Japan achieved its target on the reconstruction of the political and economic relations with Southeast Asia,and laid a good foundation for their further development.