The Research Of Mencius’ And Mo-tse’s "Justice" Theory

"Justice" is the standard to restrain human’s social behavior. It promoted a harmonious society in history. And it also plays an important part in History of Chinese Thought. Mencius represents the Confucianists, and Mo-tse represents the Mohist. They are both famous methods during the Pre-Qin Period. Their methods involve in politics, economy, culture, society and so on. They not only reflect the social environment they face, but also can guide all aspects in our lives nowadays. Our human society needs a healthy legal system, but to improve the moral level is also very important. The traditional moral cultivation can provide beneficial intelligence resources to build a socialist society with an advanced culture and ideology. It also may promote the development of contemporary society.In Mencius’opinion, its criteria are the "God" and insist in the people first as well as the goodness of all people methods, then, to expatiate his "justice" methods in his book. Last, to analyze his political method:it focuses on "benevolence".He proposes the policy of benevolence, supporting people, educating people and valuing people definitely. Kindheartedness and justice are the basic. Afterwards he proposes the system of the people in and to use the "nine squares" system to protect the assets of people.Mo-tse values "justice" and "jian". He thought "justice" drew up by the god. And the "universal love" is the main idea of Mohism. According to his political method, he views the respecting the scholars as the basic, and he opposes all invasive wars.This article also discusses the cooperation of Mencius’ and Mo-tse’s "justice" method. Although Mencius’methods were influenced by Mo-tse to some extent, he selected the best. First, Mencius’universal love is opposed to Mo-tse’s. When handle the relationship among people, we should value "justice" only. But in Mo-tse’s method, we should value both "justice" and "profit". Concerning the war, they were both opposed merger. At the same time, Mencius advocated his Kingly way socialist and policy of benevolence. Mo-tse advocated to respect the scholars and political ideology.