On Justice In Biblical Judaism

Fairness and justice is the discussions in every civilization, of course, Hebrew civilization is no exception. Even, I insist that the spirit of justice, or the faith of justice in the Hebrew civilization is the world's most precious spiritual wealth. Then, in the early era of Judaism, that is, during the Biblical Judaism what is kind of the concept of justice.First, we have passed the relevant literature and summarized the view of the definition of justice in Judaism:under the provisions of the God Yahweh, on the one hand, the people need to abide the Torah, to imitate God's divine attributes, to maintain the purity relationship between the God and the human; on the other hand, the people must imitate the holy relationship in order to achieve a peaceful world order.Second, how the Jewish concept of justice is showed in the Jewish social life. We want to mainly introduced it from the following aspects:First, what is the concrete manifestation of justice and fairness in the Jewish ethical and moral level. Such as, Jewish social ethics and family ethics, and personal moral level of justice. Second, economic justice, this is mainly related to distributive justice, commutative justice and corrective justice. Third,the justice of judicature, this is mainly related to court system, judges and witnesses in cases of justice.Fourth, political justice, primarily the sense of legal justice,that is, the role and significance of the Torah, and the political framework was embodied in the principles of justice. So, what is the legitimacy of origin about these secular concept of the social dimension of justice. Fifth, the transcendent justice of God, secular Jewish society justice including the politics justice, economy justice, ethics justice, morality justice and so on are a manifestation and extension of God's transcendent justice. From God transcendent dimension of justice we can establish a fair and objective point of view of equal rights for all, not partial, not extreme, neutral, non-discriminatory and equal treatment.The transcendent justice of God is the basis of justice.Overall, the Jewish concept of justice also is a development system. And it is characteristic of this development that the history of Judaism has been preserved. Because the nature of justice requires to maintain the development of their state. And what is advocated by Cohen, "Justice maintains is the tension between reality and eternal ideal ", in other words, justice can only be striven for and looked in the future, whether the whole of mankind or of the individual. However, the Jewish concept of justice gave us another hope. That is, unde the transcendent justice of God, mankind can ultimately achieve justice.