The Other In Historical Materialism

The problem of “the other” is one of the important problems in westernphilosophy.“the other” is throughout the human society，and the study on itcame from the modern prospering in modern.“the other" and "self" arerelatively abstract concepts. The most typical performance of “the other” isothers, but it does not mean that it is others. The essence of the problem of “theother” is the reflection of the main philosophy which takes “self” as center, andthe reflection of interpersonal relation. There has been a kind of “Identity” inwestern philosophy, which started from the concept called “being” fromParmenides. It seems that the traditional western philosophy wants to possessionand series absorbs everything by the independent and sovereign of “identity”, italso means the traditional western philosophy tries to annex other existence andeliminate alien difference. To propose the problem of “the other” is thereflection of such tradition. The western modern philosophers has the one thingin common in the research of “the other”, which is that they are keen onbeginning the study from abstractions, so the research fails to become a mainstream of western philosophy and will be more and more difficult. Thedefect of this kind of purely speculative philosophy is that it separates thedominant idea from the ruled persons, chiefly a variety of relationship producedby classes with production, and it concluded that the idea had dominant positionin history, so it is easy to abstract the so-called "generally thought", ideas and soon from these different thoughts, and put them on a dominant position in thehistory. In short, the western modern philosophers only research the other inmind instead of social history, they want to explain it through their own logicsystems, as a result, we cannot understand it because there is no a bit realisticmaterial things after finish reading article after article. Thus the writer will startthe research from another way called reality. I will discuss it in historicalmaterialism and summarize the realistic significance of the problem through theanalysis of the relationship between the other and the self in the development ofhuman society. Marx divided the development of human society into threestages: the first stage is dependence of human beings (the societies before thecapitalist society); the second one is the independence of the people based on the dependence of the material (the capitalist society); the last one is the freeindividuality of people which based on personal comprehensive developmentand common, social production ability becomes their own social wealth (thecommunist society). With the development of human society, the situation of theother mainly embodied in the process of being covered to reproduce. The otherwas covered because of the dependence of the material during the societiesbefore the capitalist society. Only in the communist society when productivity ishighly developed and people realize the liberation and get rid of the physicalbondage, the other and self would be in an equal status. The research also hasvery important practical significance to help and guide us to build harmonioussociety.