Xi 'an Research And Health Risk Assessment Of Indoor Air Quality In Colleges And Universities

Since entering new century, as the government’s support to education and investment increase, the higher education of our country obtained the rapid development. The number of student has exceeded the original campus scale and many universities have constructed the new campus. University building is a place of living and learning, so indoor air quality of these buildings has a direct impact to teachers and college students’health. If the construction of the new campus when the choice of low quality building materials, or within a building water supply and drainage facilities, plus experimental building of some reagents volatile will cause indoor air quality bad, which will influence the teachers and students’physical health. So, the study of university buildings indoor air quality status, for discussion of indoor air pollutants concentration diurnal variation of colleges’building, evaluation of indoor air quality and pollution has important practical significance.The study concentrated on the1st and6th floor of the laboratory building of one Xi’an university, monitoring formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, inhalable particles, ozone and radon in2011November to2012February. The monitoring time is24h and the monitoring frequency is2times a month. The study systematically studied the diurnal variation characteristics and the daily average concentrations of indoor air pollutants in the building, analyzed the reason of air pollutants variation and provided the methods for pollution control. The main conclusions are the following:(1) The overall evaluation. Xi’an University building indoor air quality status in addition to PM10in a clean state. Formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, inhalable particles, ozone, radon concentration was on average0.02mg/m3,0.12mg/m3,0.05mg/m3,0.33mg/m3,0.38mg/m3,0.04mg/m3,44.8Bq/m3.According to the "indoor air quality standards" on indoor air contamination concentration limit values, only the PM10concentrations exceed the standard, exceed the standard ratio of1.5times, other indicators are within the prescribed limits.(2) The diurnal variation characteristics of. Indoor air formaldehyde and benzene compounds in10points to18points between the concentration is higher than other slots, ammonia in10points to16points between the high concentration of volatile organic compounds, in8to16in higher concentrations of inhalable particles in a day, keep a balanced concentration, all-day concentration change little, ozone in12points to18points between the higher concentration of radon in,22points to8points between the higher concentration of.(3) Floor difference. Formaldehyde, benzene, volatile organic compounds and ozone1st floor and6th floor concentrations are maintained at a low level, the difference is small;1st floor ammonia concentration average was0.06mg/m3,6th floor of ammonia concentration average was0.04mg/m3;1st floor radon the average concentration of47.6Bq/m3,6th floor radon in indoor air of the average concentration of41.8Bq/m3,1st floor ammonia and radon concentrations above6th floor;6th floor PM10average concentration is0.39mg/m3,1st floor of PM10average concentration is0.36mg/m3,6th floor of PMio concentration is higher than the1st floor.(4) Prevention measures. On the emergence of PM10exceed the standard situation, the recommended measures are:source control, increase vegetation, improve zoology environment; to change the energy structure, increase the proportion of clean energy; to develop public traffic energetically, reduce the energy consumption per capita; implementation of total pollutant control system; strengthening the management of construction site.