Studies In Zuozhuan, Revenge

"Zuo Zhuan" is an importantl iterature which records the history of the Spring and Autumn Period. Its rigorous style of historiography and reliable historical materials are important basises of historical research.The war between nations weakened the concept of the "big family",while Internal fighting for rights and powers worsened the relationship between the "small family" in the Spring and Autumn Period. Forty nine cases of revenge deriving from "Zuo Zhuan" shows that revenge in the Spring and Autumn Period is different from the strong blood revenge before, which has emphasized the interests of individuals and self-esteem,According to the causes and forms of revenge in the Spring and Autumn Period, revenge is divided into and relatives Revenge, revenge for interests, self-esteem revenge and the ghost revenge. Relatives revenge mainly concentrated in Wu and Chu of the Yangtze River basin. The harsh natural environment and respect of people Strengthen the atmosphere of revenge.The external desires and short supply of people in the Spring and Autumn Period prompted the contradiction of interests and increased the probability of hatred. The traditional ritual civilization of Western Zhou shaped the quality of the nobility, which was subjected to a group of people’s intentionally or unintentionally trampling. Strong self-esteem is not enough to endure the insult.Human thought didn’t radically innovative traditional ghost beliefs in Spring and Autumn period. This is the basis of the ghost revenge.The detailed ghost revenge in "Zuo Zhuan" showed that the ghost can realize by two forms of the dream and reality in the Spring and Autumn Period and the ghosts in the dream are more abstract and terror.The ghosts latenced for a period and achieved revenge by external help.The forms of revenge inciuded father and brother, tribe, myself, husband and wife, sister, and brother-in-law by analyzing the "Zuo Zhuan".And revenge must be against for the person who hurt the avenger.There were several principles for revenge in the public subconscious,such as revenge in the same amount and personal enmity having nothing to do with the official. National arrangements in the program and mediator positions for revenge reflected that the state agreed to reasonable revenge and put it into the formal management of the country. The revenge in "Zuo Zhuan" had four characteristics. Firstly, In terms of revenge connotations, the affinities affected revenge slightly. Secondly, revenge means were mainly leveraging revenge. Thirdly, In terms of revenge class, revenges in the aristocratic system were more than revenges in the lower classes.Finally, In terms of thinking of revenge,"Pesticides" and only for the injured person himself before changed into extermination.The anti-revenge strategy was explained clearly by security systems and etiquette civilization.It considered that revenge and anti-revenge mutually promoted.