The Study Of Transverse Possibility Thinking Conditional Proposition

Possibility Thinking is a major aspect of thinking research, which is thought and deduced what is the possible state of the things in the given conditions. Deducing each state of the things is a possibility, and multiple states can form multiple possibilities, for example, thinking the possibility of tomorrow’s weather conditions is multiple possibilities such as sunny, rainy, cloudy and so on. The possibilities of referring to things’states in Possibility Thinking include qualitative possibility and quantitative possibility. Quantitative possibility is examined the degree of possibility that the things have a certain state, for example, what is the degree of possibility that the tomorrow is sunny. And this research of Possibility Thinking mainly examined the questions of qualitative possibility, and Possibility Thinking is thinking the questions of qualitative possibility. Possibility Thinking also is the basis of human higher cognitive activities such as reasoning judgment, hypothesis testing, decision making, problem solving, imagine and innovation activity, and is a basic functions of people in adapting circumstance. How do people think the possible states of things, how many possible states do people think and whether these possible states accord with reality and influence success or failure of people’s practical activities. So the research of Possibility Thinking has extremely important implications.Lateral Possibility Thinking is a task paradigm among the research of Possibility Thinking, including the Lateral Possibility Thinking to abstract proposition (e.g., conditional proposition) and the Lateral Possibility Thinking to perception scene (e.g., figure). And this research mainly examined the Lateral Possibility Thinking to abstract proposition, that is to say, varying abstract proposition and producing multiple possibilities. For example,"if mineral have material composition s, then mineral have material composition y" is vary the relationship between antecedent and consequent and then producing multiple possibilities:if mineral have material composition s, then mineral may have material composition y; if mineral have material composition s, then mineral not have material composition y; only mineral have material composition s, just mineral may have material composition y and so on. In the first experiment, examined and compared the difference between possible relationship proposition properties and the difference between relationship directions thought in the different expression form of conditional proposition tested to the college students through using abstract materials without meaningful relationship between antecedent and consequent conditional propositions. The experiment examined and compared the difference between possible relationship propositions thought in the expression form of sufficient relations, expression form of necessary relations and expression form of disjunctive relations; and compared the difference between possible relationship directions thought in the expression form of sufficient relations and expression form of necessary relations. The experiment result found that, the frequency of sufficient relations (if, then) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations was significantly greater than that thought in the expression form of necessary relations; the frequency of necessary relations (only, just) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations was significantly less than that thought in the expression form of necessary relations; the frequency of coordinative relations and disjunctive relations thought in the expression form of sufficient relations was significantly less than that thought in the expression form of disjunctive relations; the frequency of sufficient relations and necessary relations thought in the expression form of sufficient relations was significantly greater than that thought in the expression form of disjunctive relations; the frequency of coordinative relations and disjunctive relations thought in the expression form of necessary relations was significantly greater than that thought in the expression form of disjunctive relations; the frequency of sufficient relations and necessary relations thought in the expression form of necessary relations was significantly greater than that thought in the expression form of disjunctive relations. The research also found that, the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations was significantly greater than the frequency of from back to front (yâ†'s); the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of necessary relations was significantly greater than the frequency of from back to front (yâ†'s); the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations was significantly greater than the frequency of from back to front (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of necessary relations; the frequency of from back to front (yâ†'s) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations was significantly less than the frequency of from front to back (yâ†'s) thought in the expression form of necessary relations.In the second experiment, examined and compared the difference between possible relationship proposition properties and the difference between relationship directions thought in the expression form of variation prompting and no variation prompting similarly through using abstract materials without meaningful relationship between antecedent and consequent conditional propositions. Variation prompting included the prompting to relationship proposition property and the prompting to relationship direction. The experiment examined and compared the difference between possible relationship proposition properties thought in the expression of sufficient relations, necessary relations and sufficient relations of having necessary relations prompting; and compared the difference between possible relationship directions thought in the expression of sufficient relations, reverse direction sufficient relations and sufficient relations of having reverse direction prompting. The research result showed that, the frequency of sufficient relations (if, then) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations of having necessary relations prompting was significantly less than that thought in the expression form of sufficient relations; the frequency of necessary relations (only, just) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations of having necessary relations prompting was significantly greater than that thought in the expression form of sufficient relations; the frequency of sufficient relations (if, then) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations of having necessary relations prompting was significantly greater than that thought in the expression form of necessary relations; the frequency of necessary relations (only, just) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations of having necessary relations prompting was less than that thought in the expression form of necessary relations. The research also showed that, the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations was significantly greater than the frequency of from back to front (yâ†'s); the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of reverse direction sufficient relations was significantly less than the frequency of from back to front (yâ†'s); the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations of having reverse direction prompting was not significant with the frequency of from back to front (yâ†'s); the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations of having reverse direction prompting was not significantly less than the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations; the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in the expression form of sufficient relations of having reverse direction prompting was greater than the frequency of from front to back (sâ†'y) thought in reverse direction sufficient relations.