College Students' Self-concept And Self-efficacy, The Relationship Between Social Support And Self-efficacy

With the accelerated pace of life, the life pressure that people faced and theirmental load become more and more serious,especially for those undergraduates incritical adulthood period of transition easily to show mental problems under greatchanges of physical, mental and society. The resilience of a student refers to he/she stillkeeps a good adaptive state after experience all sorts of dairy stressors and issuers suchas learning, romantic relation, friendship, job seeking, future career planning and so on.The resilience, therefore, can be regard as a dynamic process and result of complicatedrole of pressure, disadvantageous situation/issues and protective factors. Investigatingstudents’ general characteristics of resilience and the relationships with social support,self-concept and self-efficacy are of the great significance for individual’s life-longdevelopment.Following the train of research thought, the present study tests whether theAdolescent Resilience Scale designed by Yueqin Hu can be well applied toundergraduate subjects. Firstly,390students randomly selected and initially tested byusing the scale. The half of their data is analyzed by EFA(Exploratory Factor Analysis),and the test data is also analysed by CFA(Confirmatory Factor Analysis). Secondly, therevised resilience scale that contais26items and relevant questionnaires thattest-concept, self-efficacy and social support are formally employed to643undergraduates. Moreover, their mutual relationships were explored by usingcorrelation analysis, regression analysis and other ways. The results are as follows:1.The revised resilience scale containing two subscales(individual power subscaleand supportive power subscale) can be reliably applied to undergraduates. Eachsubscale has good reliability and validity and reaches psychometric standards. Inaddition to, individual power subscale involves goal planning, emotion control andposition cognition; while supportive power subscale includes family support andinterpersonal assistance.2.The characteristics of undergraduates’ resilience indicate that (1)although malestudents show higher scores of emotional control than those of female students, their scores of family support, interpersonal assistance and supportive power are lower thanthe latter;(2)Junior students obtain lower scores of positive cognition than those offreshman, sophomore and senior students;(3)the students studying science andmedicine obtain higher scores of emotional control than those students studying art andphysical education, and engineering students also show higher scores those of physicaleducation students;(4)the students major in art,science,engineering, medicine obtainhigher scores of individual power and family support than those of physical educationstudents;(5) the students major in art, science show higher scores of interpersonalassistance than those of physical education students, and the scores of art students alsoindicate higher scores than those of engineering students;(6)the students major in art,science, engineering, medicine show higher scores of supportive power than those ofphysical education students, and the scores of art students also indicate higher scoresthan those of medicine students;(7) the students major in art, science, engineering,medicine show higher total scores of mental resilience than those of physical education;(8)The students having lovers show higher scores of goal planning, interpersonalassistance, and supportive power than those of students without lovers;(9)the studentsliving in urban and rural areas obtain higher scores of positive cognition than thosestudents living in villages and towns do.3.Respectively, the two dimensions of resilience (namely, individual power andsupportive power) significantly related to social support, self-concept and self-efficacy.Both self-concept and self-efficacy play partial role of medictor between social supportand two dimensions of resilience. Moreover, psychological me and social me ofself-concept can strongly predict self-efficacy.