Study Of Modern Chinese Discourse Markers "x"

Discourse markers are important means to ensure understanding and exchange between speakers and listeners. It reflects language users adapt to the context helps the speakers build discourse and achieves different pragmatic functions to facilitate communication. Based on the Chinese itself and supported by the theory of discourse markers and cognitive grammar, this study selects "X Le" as a type of discourse markers and makes a detailed description on the semantics and function of "X Le".Firstly this study makes a definition of modern Chinese "X Le" based on the previous research and gets the standard. According to the standard, we screen out11discourse markers as the object of study. Then we study the distribution of "X Le" from the form. Next according to their semantic features, we make its semantic classification and specifically analysis the similarities and differences within each category. Finally, we make a comprehensive study on discourse functions of "X Le" from the meta-pragmatic, interpersonal and textual functions.The main conclusions of this study are as follows. Firstly, discourse marker "X Le" means the two-syllable words which do not make the grammatical elements without affecting the true meaning of the discourse, but have a significantly logical or emotional attitude meaning and play a guiding role on the consistency and understanding of discourse."X Le" is uneven in the distribution of discourse, and its distribution frequency in descending order is:the beginning of words> the middle of words> independent use> the end of words. Secondly, according to the theory of semantic grammar, we divide the "X Le" into three categories from the semantic: undertaking, dissuading and loss. Among them, we divide the undertaking "X Le" into two subclasses. According to the semantics of the different levels, we divide the dissuading "X Le" into three subclasses. From the point of marked extent, the order of the loss "X Le" is:Wan Le2> Can Le> Zao Le> Huai Le. Thirdly, the meta-pragmatic awareness of "X Le" is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:prompting the process of words, causing the other attention and marking the emotional attitude. Interpersonal functions are mainly reflected in two areas:reducing the level of effort to increase the effect of awareness and following politeness principle to reduce conflict and contradiction. Discourse functions are reflected in the following four areas:the creation of topic, the continuity of topic, the end of the topic and the shifting topic.Drawing on the results of the previous research, we try to use the theory of discourse markers to study the modern Chinese "X Le" from the perspective of the semantic and functions so as to broaden the study of ideas and also provide some oral reference materials for foreign language teaching.