The New Historical Reflection Of The Anti-Rightist Struggle

In the May,1957, Mao Zedong and the Central Committee of theCommunist Party launched the Rectification Campaign throughout thewhole party. In this campaign, the minority capitalist mounted attack onthe leaders of the Communist Party as well as the socialism, and this isunpredicted by the Communist Party. For the sake of the vigorousdevelopment of the construction of the socialism, Chairman Mao and theCentral Committee of the Communist Party steadfastly resist this devioustrend and turned the Rectification Campaign into the Anti-RightistStruggle. However, the misjudgment of the major contradiction within thesocialist society, the misanalysis of the intellectual problem, the scarcityof the correct acknowledge of the construction rule for the socialism aswell as the misunderstanding of the socialist democracy and rule by lawmake the Anti-Rightist Struggle expanded.This study attempts to offer a new historical reflection on theexpansion of Anti-Rightist Struggle on the basis of systemic andcomprehensive analysis of the historical event and research findings. Thispaper focuses on the historical enlightenment of this struggle with adynamic analysis of the reason of this expansion. This paper consists of three parts. The first part is the literaturereview, which mainly include the reason for the Rectification Campaignin1957, the historical process from the Rectification Campaign to theAnti-Rightist Struggle as well as the impact of the expansion of theAnti-Rightist Struggle. The second part actively probes the agent for theexpansion from the mainly four points:（1）the misunderstanding of themajor contradiction within the socialist society;（2）the misevaluation ofthe intellectuals’ efforts;（3）the misrecognition of the construction rulesfor the China’s socialist society;(4) the scarcity of well acknowledge ofsocialist democracy as well as the rule by law. The third part summarizesthe historical implications from a new perspective, which is mainlycarried out from the following four parts:（1） strengthening thesupervision on the cadres within the party;（2） enhancing theconstruction on the socialist democracy and the rule by law;（3）improving the governing capability of the executive party;（4）firmlyinsisting on the principle of governing the country by law.Conducted rethinking on the expansion of the anti-rightist campaignwith the advance of times has practical benefits. On the one hand, it helpsto gain deep understanding of the pros and gains in the ideologicalconstruction of the party, pushing the practice of some important theorieslike scientific outlook of development, building up the harmonioussociety and etc. in the realization of improving advancement of the party as well as enhancing its executive capability; on the other hand, it aids inthe exploration of the new development road in socialist democraticpolitics and rule by law in the new period, with an aim to propel theadvancement of the democracy and rule by law consistently.