The Research To The Influential Factors Of Chinese Citizens' Political Participation During The Transitional Period Of Validity

Since the1980s, the research on citizen political participation has been a hot issue in domestic political science. Until now, the research on this problem is still in the frontier, and will make more innovation with the progress of the time and the development of realistic political life. Wan fang database shows that papers on political participation have5040articles from2000to2011.domestic scholars have also wrote many monographs on it. The research on the political participation has been constantly refined, from the macroscopic theory to afterwards multiple perspectives. On one hand, it is the requirement of the continuous theory development; on the other hand, it’s the portraiture of China’s actual conditions. Theory has strong vitality only through relying on reality, reflecting the reality and has a positive role upon reality. Yet the citizen participation research must be based on the age background of current China and realistic national conditions.Our country is in the transition period from traditional society to modern society, interests contradiction increasingly highlight, the differentiation of the interests in the aspect of politics is the diversity of different social sectors of interest demand. The development of democratic politics and interests’drive make the social public political participation enthusiasm to an all-time high period. Through the game in the system in realizing social justice are the lowest cost and the biggest gains that all the politicians want to see in the world. This game system inevitably requires every social class’s interest of expression is effective. The grim realities call for scholars’research should focus on the effectiveness of citizen political participation rather than the participation is order or not. When citizen’s political participation is not only order but effective, democratic politics can operate smoothly on a powerful public base. But the reality is orderly political participation is not always effective, from the former to the latter is not only a different word, but throughout the whole political system, from requirement enter to decision output and the feedback system. The paper has four parts; I will elaborate them in turn:The first part is the introduction of paper, mainly shows that the background and significance and this paper’s innovation and shortages, the research review of Chinese and foreign scholars, the paper’s research methods and the definition of core concepts of the paper.The second part mainly identifies the core concept that the effectiveness of citizen political participation and try to elaborate the difference between effectiveness and other two concepts, that is citizen orderly political participation and disorderly participation.The third part shows the existing problems of citizen political participation in this transition period and its harm. The problems mainly are in participation body, class differentiation highlights and the ability of participation is uneven; in the way of participation, orderly participation and disorder participation is coexist; in the participation channel, institutional interest expression channels are blocked, the non-institutional expression often happens; in the participation level, basic political participation development is hindered, citizens are tend to high level of participation. There are four mainly harms about this problem:influence future citizens of the political participation of the route choice; unfavorable to maintain social stability; weaken the construction of Party and the government authority; do harm to cultivate citizens actively participation culture.The fourth part is the focus of this paper, mainly elaborates factors that influence the effectiveness of the citizen’s political participation. This chapter is divided into three parts to analyze. First, the expression of interest stage factors that influence the effectiveness of the citizen’s political participation, In the participation body’s point of view, lack of subjective conditions is the subjective factors that influence the effectiveness of citizen’s political participation; in the participate channel’s point, existing system vulnerabilities; from the way of the participation, orderly citizen political participation’s political efficacy is common low. Second, in the stage of political system internal operation that factors influence the effectiveness of the citizen’s political participation factor, such as the unreasonable limitation of the gatekeeper, the weak respond of government and imbalance of political system internal game, etc. Third, factors that influence the effectiveness of the citizen’s political participation in the policy output stage, such as the shortage of government’s executive power, policy effectiveness is over headed, lack of effective supervision system and feedback mechanism.The effectiveness of the citizen’s political participation realization is not a result that one aspect’s work, but the result that benign interaction between entire political system and the social public. No matter in interest expression stage or system internal operation stage or policy output stage, the effectiveness of citizen’s political participation into reality has a long way to go.