Locke's Political Philosophy Research

John Locker wrote the "Government Discusses"——the most important politics paper during1689to1690. First is "Ancestor Discusses to Robert-Filmar Knight Namely Discusses King Natural Power" the rebuttal. Locker vigorously and has refuted the position which effectively the fil silent monarchial power god gives. In the second Locker advocated that ruler’s authority should come from ruled’s agreement, founds national the only goal, is to safeguard social the security as well as people’s inherent right. When government’s actions violate with this goal, the people have the right to take the action even to take back by the violence way the authority. Locker proposed the human has "the inherent right" has included the survival right, enjoys the free right as well as the property rights. He advocated that must guard person’s life, the freedom and the property rights. Locker first has also initiated the authority assignment, he divides into the the executive power belongs to king, the foreign power involves to peace and the war, the diplomacy and forms an alliance, also exercises for king. This aspect’s theory continued by afterward French philosopher Montesquieu to develop, and has had certain influence to US’s separation of powers system regime. political power the legislative power, the executive power and the foreign power three kinds, thought that the legislative power is higher than other two power, but the legislative power still needed to receive people’s restriction, when the people discovered that the legislative behavior when conflicts with theirs request, the people still enjoyed the highest authority to recall or the replacement Legislature. Moreover, the legislative power belongs to the parliament,Locker’s political thinking to afterward political development enormous function. Locker’s liberalism be presented to sacredly by the US, becomes the nationality to be ideal. His thought has affected American statesmen deeply and so on Tomas·Jefferson, and has initiated an imposing revolutionary tide in the Americas. Locker’s influence is more intense in France. Voltaire was first Locker et al. the thought passes to the human who France went, France afterward Enlightenment and even the French Revolution with Locker’s thought is related. This article "Discusses take Government"(next) as the text basis, uses proof method which induces and deducts unifies, while reviews and summarizes Locker’s main government theory, threaded up Locker emphatically "the right first and the people’s sovereignty guiding principle has made the special analysis in the authority" to the authority, made every effort to explain why Locker did want to advance the limit authority limited government theory. Then, is referring to the Locker thought to the later generation the influence, unifies this specialized knowledge, compared with Marx to Locker thought inheritance with surmounting as well as Marxism political thinking to tradition liberal ideal critique and deviation. Finally, the union current our country’s political reform, elaborated itself about the Locker thought contemporary value and the practical significance ponder.