America Early Political Thoughts On Party

In early America, accompanying political life, the first American party system appeared, that was the Federal Party led by Hamilton and Republican Party led by Jefferson and Madison. Political parties born and developed in unwelcome condition, that parties were evil what threat freedom, led to the division, dictatorship and corruption. Even the United States Constitution set no position of the political party, but the "inevitable evil"still appeared and grew.In1800U.S. presidential election, Jefferson was elected president, opened the Republicans continued in power for24years called "Virginia dynasty". In1816, The Federalist Party collapsed to disappeared. Republican one-party for8years. In1824, Republican Party split to the second party system:the Whig Party and the Democratic Party. In1884the third party system appeared:Republicans and Democrats. Tracing the history of political parties in the United States, Jefferson and Madison’s Republican Party was the ancestor of the modern party system. The "Virginia dynasty" left a valuable heritage to modern party politics.This paper, setting Jefferson and Madison’s thoughts as the representative of the early political thoughts on party, in the view of ideology history, parses the emergence and development of political parties and explores the traditions and culture of the modern American party politics. Jefferson and Madison’s thoughts on political parties contained the definition, sources and the results of political parties, as well as how to regulate political parties. Madison believed that political parties would inevitably produce due to the combination of interests, party struggles harmed the stability of public management and led to tyranny of the majority. He designed a large Republican States to eliminate the hazards of party struggles. When he founded Republican Party with Jefferson, he thought parties could check and balance each other. Jefferson, in the early time, believed that political parties would inevitably produce due to different principles. He considered political parties restricted thought freedom and undermined the public interests. In the later time, Jefferson realized that political parties have a positive role of superintendent to safeguard the public. Jefferson and Madison evolved from the idea of anti-party to the apparent political party tend, but never accepted parties positively. Such the evolution of party thoughts combined with their political practice, especially Jefferson and Madison had served as the president of the United States, had significant impacts on the development of American party politics.Jefferson and Madison’s thought on parties, although has some limitations, guids us to comprehensively understand the nature and role of political parties, rather more, provides enlightenment on developing and perfecting the party politics in China.