A Study On European Jewish Refugee Policy Of America (1933-1945)

It is in1933～1945that Hitler established Totalitarian rule and anti-semitism rised to the top step by step in Germany.The Nazi government’s policies on anti semitism and persecuting Jewish caused very serious European Jewish refugees problem. The United States as the main destination for the Jewish refugees to escape Nazi’s persecution and the bulwarks of democracy for the world during the second world war, its European refugee policy counts much for European Jewish refugees. This article will analyze European refugee policy of America from1933to1945comprehensively, and put forward some my own humble opinions.Chapter one primarily states the historical background of Nazi’s anti semitism policy and European Jewish refugees problem from1933to1945. European refugees problem is closely related to Nazi’s anti semitism policy’s aggravation. With the aggravation of Nazi’s semitism policy, the number of European Jewish refugees increased gradually, and the international community’s response to refugees problem was weaker and weaker.Chapter two mainly researches American European Jewish refugees policy from1933to1945. American policy to European Jewish refugees1933～1945is absolutely carried out within American existing Immigration quota system, at the same time, American immigration policy presented different features in different periods.1933～1937is a period that America adopted Jewish refugees negatively, American reaction is passive to adopt refugees, and not initiative to undertake the due obligations.1938～1941not only America itself but also many international meetings were convened by America to seek for the solutions to solve refugees problem. But as a whole American refugees policy is passive and non-action this period.1941～1945is a period in which Nazi implemented Holocaust. This period American refugees policy mainly referred to delivering Jewish from danger, but before1944, America seldom carried out any rescue activities until the foundation of the War Refugee Board in1944things went better.Chapter three analyses the cause of formation of American European Jewish refugees policy. The reasons of this situation are very complicated, it is restricted by the domestic extremist ideas in America, at the same time, it is related by the relationship between American and Germany, what’s more,it is also affected by Roosevelt personal factors.Chapter four studies the effects of American European Jewish refugees policy. Firstly, American passive policy has an direct influence on European Jewish refugees, many Jewish refugees lose their chances of survival who could have escaped from Nazi’s persecution, secondly, it is the European Jewish refugees and numbers of eggheads that have a great influence on American society, and they make tremendous contributions in many fields.There are the conclusions this article reaches,1939～1945American European Jewish refugees policy is passive and non-action, and this feature is caused by the national interest American government faced with and reality factors at home and abroad. Objectively speaking, it is not reasonable for American to undertake all the due obligations, the civilized world of the day didn’t give enough support and strong assistance. The eggheads adopted by America created powerful conditions for the prosperity of American economy、society and culture. To some degree, this is a positive influence for a long time on American society caused by American European Jewish refugees policy in wartime.