The Study On The History And Changes Of Italian Socialist Party After World War Ⅱ

With the popularity of the development of party politics, the political parties plays a more important role on the political stage worldwide. The political parties’development, prosperity and decline is dominated by its own law, which we can find from the typical political parties’developing history. Italy’s political system is a typical multiparty system and the political parties play an important role in the politics. Although Italian Socialist Party (PSI) is not the biggest party in Italy, it plays important roles on Italy political stage. PSI also played various roles in Italian politics, including opposition party, participation party and the ruling party. PSI has experienced dramatic changes during this course after World War Ⅱ, including decline, prosperity and collapse. This paper studies on the history of the PSI after the World War Ⅱ. Studying on Italian political parties especially PSI can make great benefits for us to reveal the law that how the law dominates the political parties through its development process.This paper examines the external environment of the historical development process of PSI after World War Ⅱ, including Italy’s political culture, the electoral system and the party system and introduces the PSI’s main competitors. Then this essay analyzes the characteristics of PSI in the different period. During the years1946-1975, the PSI has made constantly adjust on union strategy and strived to revitalize the party, but still couldn’t stop its declining. This paper analyzes the problems exist in PSI’s ideological policy, organizational structure and union strategy, and interprets why these problems resulted in PSI’s decline.In the years1976-1986PSI’s new leadership came into power and made a package of reforms. This paper introduces these effective reform, such as. ideological innovation, the transformation of the political line and the pragmatism change of the union strategy. These reforms have achieved positive results. PSI has experienced the dramatic changes during1987to1994. During this period, the PSI experienced a rapid decline. After a political earthquake in Italy, PSI announced its own dissolution. The former reform had bring PSI victory in election, but it also produced corruption.These shortcomings had gradually revealed. At this time, Italy’s political environment had changed, the competition between PSI and other political parties began severer; the relation between PSI and the other ruling parties such as DC, are intensified; and Italian Communist Party was overhauled. After all this, PSI lost the premier. Because PSI had participated with DC, it is deeply involves into the political asylum system which means organizational corruption in politics. Finally, after an anti-corruption campaign, PSI is completely defeated. With the collapse of the First Republic in Italy, PSI is finally abandoned by the people.This paper tries to analyze the reasons why PSI declined so rapidly. This paper attributes this into PSI’s competitors’reform, PSI’s ideological and political lines change and the relations between the PSI and political asylum system. Finally, this paper recalls the development and the changes history of PSI’s after World War Ⅱ, and tries to make some in-depth thinking about political parties’changes and evolution. The change of political parties can give a political party an opportunity to development, but it can also imply the risks, which can warn us that our actions should be more prudent. The political parties’changes may adopt realistic policy, but the fundamental direction is determined by the political party’s own functions. Party changes should deal with the relationship between the existing political system and its own tradition, and the key point is that how to use the system’s resource to improve the party’s own development.