The Placement Of Retired Military And Social Special Care At Early Liberation In Shanghai(1949-1956)

Shanghai is China’s largest industrial&commercial city and economic center as well, known as China’s’half. Shanghai is also a glorious city with long revolutionary history, while thousands of Shanghai local devoted their lives to liberate their homeland-China by overcoming various difficulties. How to care disabled soldiers, the family of martyred soldiers and soldier’s dependants is a difficult political task for the new government of Shanghai, so did the task of placing ex-servicemen.According to the time sequence, I divide my object of study into three periods with different central tasks:recover and develop social production, support Korean War and implement the First Five Year Plan and socialist transformation. Different solutions are taken to solve different tasks in different periods. In the first period, Shanghai government gave priority to social relief. In the second period and third period, Shanghai government distinguished the special care and placement in accordance with the areas. In the city, it was a main task to help to find jobs for them. In rural areas it is focused to get rid of shortage of land, if short of labor, some contract farmers were arranged to help them to farm under the Fixed Contract Farming System. When the Fixed Contract Farning System didn’t suit to the situation in1955, Shanghai government changed to take the approach of’The preferential Labor Day’ instead.In accordance with the logical relationship, my research objects is divided into four parts:the social preferential treatment, compensation, commendation and resettlement. The social preferential treatment has the widest range, including the preferential treatment to disabled soldiers, the families of martyred soldiers and soldier’s dependants, as well as job placement. The Pension is to console the spirit of the families of martyrs, families of revolutionary staff and soldiers died of diseases and to give them a sum of money as well. By studying under two parallel courses, I analyze the policies, situations, the advantages and disadvantages of kinds of tasks, and finally to summarize and draw some basic conclusions.Through the above research, we can see that:during the process of the special care and placement in the early liberation of Shanghai, although there are some shortcomings, on the whole it is very successful. Facing growing numbers of objects of special care and placement, the staffs overcome the difficulty of much work with few staffs. With serious and discriminating attitude, the staffs successfully completed the work, making an important contribution to the economic consolidation and development for the new regime. Dating back to that time, we can still give reality a certain amount of inspirations. Up to now since Reform and Opening Up, the special care and placement work still exist. Although time is changeable, when to analyze specific issues, it is really worth learning the valuable experiences and a highly responsible attitude to the objects of the special care and placement at early liberation in Shanghai.