The Connotation Of Historical Evolution Of Faculty’s Academic Profession

Universities are constituted by the faculties who regard academic as theiroccupation.As an exotic flower in wisdom universities，the connotation of academicprofession is constantly evolving under the regulation of the reason of different eras inthe West.Under the regulation of theoretical reason，the connotation of academic professionin ancient Greece presented that the philosopher was the professional role.Theoreticalknowledge was the essential professional knowledge.The academic professionemphasized teaching ability,the professional spirit was deep insight.The professionaldevelopment and professional organizations rely entirely on the personalcharacteristics. With the inchoation and development of practical reason，faculties inMiddle Ages were honored as the saints who illuminate their hometown with thebrightness of sense. Practical knowledge was essential to professional knowledge. Theability of interpretation was regarded as the important professional skills. Theprofessional spirit paid attention to freedom，publicity， selflessness and criticism.Faculties had to experience strict academic training and established the academicguild for the protection of academic freedom.In modern times， creation rationality was the general principle ofpeople’s life，defined the role of faculties was scholars. Meanwhile，creative knowledge becametheir professional knowledge. The speculative ability thought to be the significantprofessional skills. The professional spirit reflected loneliness，independence andcooperation.Universities，colleges，departments， institutes，scientific society anddisciplinarily organizations were creatively built which were served as academicorganization, especially the academic chair system presented the character oforganizational hierarchy.In contemporary society，faculties were experts and they provide expert type ofservice unmatched by other occupations. Technical knowledge was required and theability of mastering technical principles and scientific technology was appreciated.The professional spirit evolves to be universality，publicity，non-profit and organizedsuspicion. The government， social and university itself have planned the facultyprofessional development.Therefore， the character of the development presents systematization，institutionalization.Academic organization runs smoothly with thehelp of management technology， academic evaluation organization academicguarantee and academic management organization.In post-academic universities governed by irrationality， faculties becomeacademic capitalist whose professional knowledge presents the character ofollectivization，effectiveness， guidance， industrialization，bureaucratize anddivision. Faculties are required to have the ability of research，integration，practiceand teaching.In the age of great science，faculties have the spirit of locality，authority，directionality and technicality. The development of faculties is a process ofdynamic from organization to personality and a process of individual socialization.Instead of varieties of organizations， post-academic university teachers aren’t limitedby strict academic organizations. Therefore， the organizations of post-academicuniversity are linked by loose connection.In short, the connotation of academic profession of different eras is under the theregulation of the reason.The manifestation of reason gives a different connotation ofthe academic profession.