A Research On Fiscal Funding Input Of Early Childhood Education In New Zealand

Preschool education as the beginning stages of basic education and the development of individual children whose level of development affect the quality of the whole construct for a country and the nation. And the development of pre-school education has been restricted by a variety of factors, one of the core elements is funding and government support. New Zealand as a typical preschool education developed country, fundamentally, which are inseparable with the emphasis on the concept which fiscal funding input of early childhood. The government develop a series of fiscal funding input of early childhood policies, and establish a system of pre-school funding, and ensure fiscal funding input of early childhood carry out smoothly.Specifically, fiscal funding input of early childhood has mainly experienced three stages in New Zealand, namely:formation and development; adjustment and improvement; consolidate and consummate. Different historical periods, fiscal funding input of early childhood presents the differences and characteristics. At the same time, the Government has set up various types of fiscal funding input of early childhood, including ECE funding subsidy,20Hours ECE funding, equity funding, the annual top-up for isolated services, ECE service teacher education grant, the support grant for provisionally registered and so on. New Zealand government establishes different early childhood education funding not only include funding for formal registered teachers and provisionally registered teachers, but also involved different types of preschool institutions, vulnerable children. To some extent, these measures promote equal opportunities on pre-school education.Simultaneously, since New Zealand government reformed preschool education in1989, and ultimately formed a positive and effective operation system on fiscal funding input of early childhood. The operation system mainly involving seven areas, namely time on fiscal funding input of early childhood; basic criteria on fiscal funding input of early childhood; ratio on fiscal funding input of early childhood; absence rules on fiscal funding input of early childhood; special circumstances on fiscal funding input of early childhood; supervision and management on fiscal funding input of early childhood. Overall, the operation system on fiscal funding input of early childhood in New Zealand,these components contact closely, influence each other, collaborate orderly and indispensable, it guarantees the allocate efficiency on fiscal funding input of early childhood.Meanwhile, in the process of fiscal funding input of early childhood to push forward forcefully by New Zealand government, fiscal funding input of early childhood presents obvious features, and has made a significant effect on implementation. The one hand, in terms of features, mainly including:establish an effective funding mechanism by government financial input; make policies for security to promote the funding system strongly; focus on the funding for vulnerable children to promote the equity of early childhood education; rely on20hours free early childhood education to improve the penetration of early childhood education; increase subsidies for early childhood education teachers as the goal to improve teacher quality; establish an effective operation system on funding input as the key to improve the use efficiency on fiscal funding of early childhood education. On the other hand, from the implementation effect, including:the total amount of early childhood education institutions significantly increased; children enrollment rate have a general increase; the number of minorities registered children have significantly improved; the number of children that accept20hours early childhood education have increased; the number of children in early childhood education services have increased; the quality of early childhood education teachers have significantly enhanced; the early childhood education services of Maori language and Pacific island language have significantly increased. The effect of implementation base on New Zealand Education Counts released the latest Annual ECE Census Summary Report2011data as a reference.In contrast, in China, currently the imperfect system of fiscal funding input of early childhood is one of problems which constraints the quality improvement on preschool education in our country. Therefore, establish a relatively perfect fiscal funding input system of early childhood education, it becomes the measures of implementation and goals to development in order to improve the quality of preschool education in period of time in the future. Although between difference national conditions of China and New Zealand, it has some inspiration and reference for our country to establish a running fiscal funding input system of early childhood education. For this reason, it is recommended to suggest in-depth reform for fiscal funding input of early childhood education. Mainly includes the following steps:legislation to protect fiscal funding input of early childhood education; continue to increase the total of fiscal funding input of early childhood education; perfect funding management system of early childhood education; set up special funding for early childhood education actively; adopt certain hours as the unite of free education allowance scheme; focus on funding for special needs children; improve cost sharing mechanisms of early childhood education funding; in accordance with the law implement the treatment of early childhood education teachers; adjust distribution structure of fiscal funding of early childhood education; raise the funding of the central and western rural areas.