The Research On Chinese Listed Banks’ Efficiency And Influence Factors

The development of banking industry is related to a country’s financial stability andsecurity, whose efficiency would have direct impact on the allocation of social resources andthe utilization level of financial resources. The listed banks are regarded as one of the mostimportant component of commercial banks, which play a decisive role on Chinese economy.Lthe listed bank’s assets, liabilities, equity and other indicators of the overall total proportion ofChina’s commercial banks are basically maintained at84%to90%, they can basically reflectthe operation of the overall situation of China’s commercial banks. In the face of severedomestic and international economic situation, how to improve Chinese commercial banks,especially the listed banks’ operating efficiency and enhance their overall competitiveness ofChinese banking industry is an urgent problem.In this paper, we analyzed and compared with the technical efficiency, pure technicalefficiency, scale efficiency and returns to scale ranges of the16Chinese listed banks from2004to2010by data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. The results showed that Chineselisted banks in the study period were mostly non-effective in the DEA, DEAefficient banks inthe proportion of all listed banks were most less than50%, indicating that the majority oflisted banks in China are not optimal allocation of resources. After the shareholding systemreform of Chinese state-owned banks, the operation efficiency greatly improved andcontinued to narrow the gap with the efficiency of joint-stock banks. Then, we made anon-the-spot investigation on the changes in technology, efficiency and Malmquist indexdynamically by Malmquist index. The results showed that the mean Malmquist index ofChinese listed banks in the study period are greater than1, indicating the overall efficiency ofChinese listed banks continue to show improvement trends; technical efficiency indicesrelatively stable, which has been around in one of the fluctuations; technological change indextrends is very similar trends, indicating that Malmquist indices mainly from the impact oftechnological change. From2004to2010the average growth index was1.096, indicating thatthe average annual increase9.6percentage points and the average annual growth oftechnical efficiency by0.7percentage points, and technological progress of8.9percentagepoints. This indicates that although the technical efficiency change and technological progressare the Malmquist index of listed banks make a certain contribution to growth, but to improvethe efficiency of listed banks mainly from technological progress. Finally, both the macro andmicro analysis of the impact on the efficiency of Chinese listed banks of various factors, andthe DEA method to measure the technical efficiency is the dependent variable, select from themicro-factor structure of property rights, market time, total asset ratio, deposit-loan ratio, NPL ratio, the proportion of intermediary business revenue and human resources, seven indicatorsas independent variables do Probit regression analysis. The results showed that bankownership structure and non-performing loan ratio of bank efficiency to inhibit thephenomenon, management, assets, human resources and innovation can promote efficiency ofbanks. The influence ofAsset allocation ability to the efficiency of banks is not significant.