The Research On Relationship Between Workers’Employability And Job Insecurity

With the intensification of global competition and rapid technological change, in order to enhance their competitiveness and increase organizational flexibility, enterprises usually adopt the measures of layoffs, pay cut, outsourcing, mergers and acquisitions, and close factories, and other reform measures, to reduce the cost, optimize person-post fit, technological innovation and the introduction of new management methods. At the same time, the nature of work and personal life of the employees have undergone essential changes, and employees experience the feelings of concerns and powerlessness about the work continuity and the future career development, that is,"job insecurity".Job insecurity will affect many aspects of the enterprise and employees, thus,how to reduce or eliminate the negative impact of job insecurity is problem to be solved in the fields of organizational behavior and occupational mental health.On the basis of the review of relevant research, this paper found that most of the scholars concerned about the consequences of job insecurity, few antecedent and adjustment variables. Foreign scholars put forward that employability had positive impact on job insecurity, however, there is not yet the research of relationship between employability and job insecurity, there is blank to be filled in.This paper takes the employees as the research object. We explore the meaning and structure of employability and job insecurity by empirical methods, and then analyze the relationship between employability and job insecurity. First, we validate the five-dimensional structure of employability and job insecurity by using factor analysis. Second, we discuss the differences of employees’job insecurity on individual and organizational characteristics by using independent samples T-test and one-way ANOVA. Finally, we apply correlation and multiple regression analysis to validate the relationship between employability and job insecurity.The main conclusions:The construct of employability consisted of five dimensions, including openness to changes at work, work and career resilience, work and career proactivity, career motivation and work identity; Job insecurity is a five-dimensional structure, including the insecurity of job loss, insecurity of job execution, insecurity of payment and promotion, insecurity of excessive competition, insecurity of interpersonal relationship; Employees with different individual and organizational characteristics had significant difference in the level of total job insecurity and its dimensions;In the dimensions of employability,"openness to changes at work" had positive effect on the insecurity of payment and promotion and excessive competition,"work and career resilience" had positive effect on the insecurity of interpersonal relationship,"work and career proactivity" had positive impact on the insecurity of job loss.