Comparative Study On The Rural Social Security System Between China And Japan

Since taking the police of reform and Opening-up, especially in recent ten years,China has made series of reforms in the field of social security and get greatachievements, making important contributions for social stability, harmony andeconomic development.“The12th Five-Year Plan" is not only an important period forthe transformation of economic development, but also a period for the acceleration ofChina’s population-aging. These two aspects will have significant influence on socialsecurity system. During this critical moment, it is necessary for us to pay attention tothe successful case of society security system reform in the international countries,and in the comparative analysis we could build the Policy decision and institutionalframework for the society security system of our own country.As an East Asian country which is earlier to establish social security systemcovering all rural residents, Japan has similar cultural backgrounds with China.Meanwhile, these two countries have similar national conditions, such as they bothbelong to the country with large population and little ground, both of their agriculturaland rural modernization started late, both hold new rural movement in the process ofrural development, both were faced with the problem of population-aging in thecourse of social development and so on. The establishment of social security systemin Japan provides a good example for us easy to understand and reference. Throughcomparative analysis with Japan’s rural social security in the aspects of process, maincontent and financing management, this article gradually reveals the existingproblems and aspects need to improve in the rural social security system of China. Forexample, through comparative analysis in the aspect of development process, we findthat should strengthen the role of the government, accelerate the process ofestablishment of social security’s legal system, and establish a social security systembalancing urban and rural development, through comparative analysis in the aspect ofmain content, we concluded that should further expand the rural social security’scoverage, In particular, we offered some advice for New rural cooperative medicaland Rural endowment insurance construction which are being actively implementedand pilot at present, through summarizing lessons of Japan’s failure in " East-Asia"investment with social security funds, we proposed that construct of a “separation ofpowers” supervision and management system which could ensure the safety of social security funds, improve the capital market and broaden the investment channels ofsocial security funds, meanwhile, we emphasized the necessity and urgency of riskmanagement for social security funds.In the final chapter of this article, considering the special situation of rural areain China that regional differences exist in fields of economic development, familystructure and the cultural quality of the peasants, we can not fully copy the template ofJapan. However, we should construct a rural social security system in line with ournational conditions.