The Reseach Of Modern Hankou Chamber Of Commerce(1916-1931)

For a long time, the history of Chamber of Commerce has been a hot topic of Chinese historians of Modern History. In the early20th century, the Modern Chinese Chamber of Commerce system was basically established. The achievements of the subject of research Chamber of Commerce was obvious, but the inspections were relatively concentrated in a few coastal cities, such as Shanghai, Tianjin, Suzhou,etc. Mainland Chamber of Commerce Chamber of Commerce, such as Hankou, was relatively inadequate. These coastal cities affected by the impact of capitalism relatively straightforward compared to Hankou,and had its own characteristics in terms of political, commercial and international level. While, there was a difference between its regional characteristics and social economic of Hankou. The object of this paper is the modern Hankou Chamber of Commerce(1916-1931). Through the research on the rise and development of Hankou Chamber of Commerce, the evolution of modern Hankow Chamber of Commerce organization and operation mechanism, relations with local politics, the role of the regional economic and social impact on urban construction and the Chamber of Commerce’s "diplomatic activities" etc, were summarized and described. It showed the Mainland Chamber of Commerce its own distinctive features. In order to analyze and discuss the roles that the middle class businessmen played in the economic and social development under the Council of the Republic of China warlord, and reflect one aspect of the difficult process of social evolution in the course of modern China in transition from traditional society to modern society.The Paper is intended to conduct a preliminary study of Hankou Chamber of Commerce based on the historical archives and newspapers, preliminary study of Hankou Chamber of Commerce engaged in political activities and socio-economic activities in its existing period, and analyze the internal organizational evolution and operation mechanism of Hankou Chamber of Commerce,and the political relations of Beiyang Government, National Government and Hankou Chamber of Commerce, on the regional socio-economic development, to promote its diplomatic activities in the performance and role of support for urban construction, and then analyze the role of the Hankou area Chambers of Commerce in the society. The topic selected regionalizationN network and local history perspective to understand modern China, described the diversity and complexity of modern economic and social evolution in China. Through the active characters and events behind,we can see the true face and the historical role of the Hankow Chamber of Commerce in the Social Changes. In the modern historical process of China’s early modernization, economic and social development, Hankou Chamber of Commerce had played an important part in the politics, economics and societies. From the Hankou Business Bureau to Hankou Business Association and then to Hankou Chamber of Commerce, it reflected the gradual process of transformation Hankou Chamber of Commerce from the government-run institutions to private independent groups. Hankou Chamber of Commerce had a larger change in the organization, its organizations and systems were more democratic and legal, and gradually tended to improve; Relations in dealing with local government, Hankou Chamber of Commerce not only supported and cooperated with the government in a series of major historical events, but also developed a large number of specific issues in conflict and contradiction between the two sides.Meanwhile, in the conditions of endless civil war, the serious exploitation of the warlords, Hankou Chamber of Commerce played the role of balancing the community to a certain extent on the coordination; Hankou Chamber of Commerce started on the shoulders of the revitalization of industry and commerce, the historical task to restore responsibility, under the guidance of Hankou Chamber of Commerce and help of the business lines, it constructed a national trading market. Since Hankou Chamber of Commerce was established,Hankou Business Branch had established gradually around Hankou. it covered the entire Central China, Played a crucial role to promote the prosperity of the market. At the same time, the development of regional markets also contributed to network expansion and improvement of Hankou Chamber of Commerce; As the most important interest groups, Hankou Chamber of Commerce not only dominated the the Hankou reconstruction after the Revolution, but also cooperated with the government to promote the improvement of the municipal building and maintenance of social order.It developed relief and charity, and played an important role in the city’s public affairs based on its strong financial. At the critical moment of national peril, Hankou Chamber of Commerce was eager to take measures to save the nation with its own strength, to change the future and destiny of the motherland and countrymen. Hankou Chamber of Commerce had been actively involved in the international exchanges and the "business diplomacy" activities,which was organized by Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce, to develop the new pace of the Hankou Chamber of Commerce to the world.