Asymmetric Policies Across The Taiwan Strait, The Interaction Between Tourism And Trade Research

Political relations of China and Taiwan has always been an important political issue.The difference of political position and the system of government resulted in the serious unbalanced on the cross-strait policy. Mainland open itself to Taiwan and performance friendly,but Taiwan close itself to China and performance hostile, under the obvious "political orientation", the travel and trade exchanges of both sides of the Strait were develop every year,but the tourism and trade flows, travel preferences and trade dependence showed a serious asymmetry. The mainland is the travel surplus and trade deficit,Taiwan is the travel deficit and trade surplus.Taiwan has the much higher travel preferences and trade dependence than the Mainland, interactive relationship exists between the cross-strait tourism and trade, but the asymmetrical exchange of this interaction hindered the effect.Based on the historical and political, this paper analysis tourism and trade development of cross-strait in the different stages since the China reform and opening up, as well as the travel preferences and trade dependence. On this basis, the paper explored the asymmetric relationship between the tourism and trade. The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Under the asymmetric political positions and policy context, the cross-strait tourism and trade policy has a strong political inclination. Through combing the policy of cross-strait tourism and trade, found the mainland tourism and trade policies were very stable, which maintain a continuous open and friendly political trend; Taiwan has the low politic friend-level and poor stability to Mainland. Over the years, tourism and trade policies has the imbalancement.(2)In the asymmetry of the political context, the scale of tourism market, tourism incentives, trade support and trade preferences have great differences in cross-strait tourism and trade, which showed the serious "asymmetric trend" impact on the multi-level positive interaction, while the main reason is the "discriminatory policies" to Mainland of Taiwan.(3) Between the inbound and outbound tourism and import and export trade, there is a clear push-pull model. With the growth of tourist flows and travel preferences, trade flows and trade dependence have the synchronous growth. The trade flows has promoted the rapid growth of tourist flows, the rapid development of inbound and outbound tourism has also deepened the development of import trade. If the travel preferences as the dependent variable,while the trade independence as the independent variables, we’ll found there has significant correlation between them.(4) Using Eviews7.0statistical software to made the Granger causality test, the results showed that:in the mainland section, due to the mainland to Taiwan’s outbound tourist flow is so weak that weakened the promoting effect. So the outbound tourism is not the Grange cause of the trade. Because import trade and cross-strait trade has entered a mature stage of development, its promoting effect to the outbound tourism is increasingly apparent, so it is the Granger cause of outbound tourism. In the section of Taiwan, inbound tourism is not the Granger cause of cross-strait trade; due to a large number of business travelers of Taiwan, so the imports trade and the total trade is the Granger causes of inbound tourism, which showed the leading effect to the inbound tourism.(5) The proportion of business travelers in the inbound tourists was declined in recent years, but it fluctuated in the30%-50%; the business travelers’proportion of outbound tourists was fluctuate about10%.Mainland opened up the tourist market to Taiwan, which create a lot of tourist flows, weakened the cross-strait tense situation, and supplied the favorable external environment for the export trade of Taiwan; Taiwan has the increasingly close trade ties with Mainland, which weakened the entry and exit barriers, and provides a convenient exit for the inbound mainland tourism of Taiwan. Inbound and investment Mainland of Taiwan have a high degree of regional consistency, the top five of tourist flow and investment are Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Shanghai and Zhejiang Provinces. This is mainly related to geographic location, traffic conditions, industrial strategy, industrial structure, level of productivity, industrial gather capacity, preferential policies and other factors.