The Effect Of Land System Transformation、Concurrent Business On Peasants’ Incomes-Comparison Between Japan And China

January2011, China surpassed Japan to become the world’s second largest economy,yet China’s per capita income level is only one tenth of Japan’s per capita income levels,the income gap of Chinese urban residents and rural residents has expanded each year,which is different from Japan. From the end of World War II to the1990s, Japanestablished private ownership of land property rights by the establishment of farmers’land ownership. The initiative made the land become the core assets of the farmers.Farmers can obtain a substantial income from the sale of land and leasing land; Inaddition, rural residents operating concurrent business also makes Japanese farmers sharethe fruits of economic development, Japan’s urban and rural incomes shrink year by year.Chinese farmers’ incomes also increase every year, but compared to China’s urbanresidents’ income, rural residents’ income grow slower. How to increase the income ofrural residents and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents has alwaysbeen a top priority to solve the three problems in rural area.Against this backdrop, this paper analyses the effect of agricultural land reform andConcurrent business of peasant on farmers’ income in Japan and China and finallypointed out the direction of the reform of China’s agricultural land and Enlightenment ofConcurrent business of peasant. The main part of this paper explains Japan and China’sagricultural land reform and concurrent business of the rural residents’ income effectthrough theoretical analysis and empirical analysis. Through the analysis of data on landprices and agricultural income during the period of Japan’s economic recovery, this paperobtained that Japanese rural residents’ income was increased mainly by concurrentbusiness of peasant on the basis of established private property rights of agricultural land.Through the analysis of the data on China’s agricultural output and rural residents incomeas well as rural households operating and wage income during the period of theagricultural land system in China, the effect of China’s current system of land on farmers’income is obvious. Family operating income still is the main source of income of thefarmers; concurrent business of peasant is a second source of income, while this is verydifferent from Japan.Based on the above analysis, this paper pointed out what direction China’s system of agricultural land and concurrent business of peasant should take from two perspectivesof the agricultural land property rights system and concurrent business of peasant: on theone hand, to establish the farmers’ land of private property rights, to promote landtransfer and achieve large-scale management of agriculture; on the other hand, toestablish a sound social security system in rural areas and promote rural surplus laborforce to participate in non-farm employment.It concluded as follows, the land configuration functions and distribution functionscan give full play by establishing clear private property rights and thereby can increasethe income of rural residents;According to the actual situation of China’s agricultural development and the lawof agricultural development, China’s agricultural development is suitable to take the roadof concurrent business of peasant which is characterized by the large-scale landmanagement.