Study On The Wine Policy In The Period Of The Republic Of China

The wine is a kind of human food invention. In the human food of civilization formation,we can see the wine around us. Chinese wine also has a long history. As early as five thousandyears ago, Chinese ancestors got wine from the fermented cereals with their unique ingenuity, sothat people can drink their fills generation after generation. Along with the long history of thehuman reproductioon, the wine still maintains its unique vitality.The emergence of the wine brings the generated social benefits first. In the economic aspect,wine industry which inherited from ancestors thousands of years ago has absorbed countlessworks. The wine tax of all dynasties always has make a lot of supplement for the nationaleconomy and the people’s livelihood. The operation of the wine industry has already become avery important part of the national economic. The huge additional value acquired from wineindustry has been concerned by economists. In the consumption aspect, wine is a kind of food,and also belongs to the hobby goods. Whenever the famine occurred and lack of food, thegovernors will limit the wine industry to save food. And when the social recovers, it will becomea dominant product to stimulate consumption. In Chinese history, wine industry has always beenused as a common lever to adjust the economic patterns and industrial structure.The emergence of the wine provides a social communication means. They drink together torespect to each other and achieve spiritual resonance. When visitors come, they meet again andprepare to drink. This is more than anything else to express their feelings. The role of wine hasgone far beyond the food category, and become a bond of interpersonal relationship andcommunication medium.The period of the republic of China, the kind of wine is variety. It retained shochu, yellowwine, fruit wine and other traditional kinds of wine since the Qing Dynasty. The governoropened a series of trad ports since the late Qing Dynasty, the foreign beer, wine, vodka and otheralcoholic started to be poured into China. These new wine had been gradually accepted by the local people. And the sales increased year by year. Especially in the large and medium-sizedcities, people offen eat western food, drink wine for fashion. The benefit increased in alcoholsale stimulates a lot of businessmen to invest in wine industry. Moreover, foreign and jointventure wine factories also appeared in Shanghai, Northeast, Shandong peninsula and otherforeigners living areas. During the period of the Republic of China, in the eastern regions (exceptin Shaoxing and its surrounding areas), the factories product new wine, and in western andcentral regions, the production is traditional wine.Since the late Qing Dynasty, the way of transport has made significant changes, from thetraditional carriage and inland waterway transport to highway, railway and other transport.During the period of the Republic of China, the new mode of transport-air transport appeared.Transport becames convenient. It is possible to sale wine from one regional to another. The winemarket has a great expansion than that in the Qing Dynasty. Shaoxing wine which is difficult tostore can transport to sale in Beijing and Guangdong. The expansion of the sales market hasfurther promoted to the establishment of wine production and wine factory. Before theestablishment of the Republic of China, Chinese businessmen already have strong brandawareness. With the development of society, the newspaper became an important propagandamean. Advertisement published in the newspaper became common. In order to develop theeconomic, several exhibitions were held by the industrial department, which has also become animportant way to develop wine business.The government of Republic of China changed the heavy tax policies of the late QingDynasty. They began to use wine monopoly. Monopoly and ancient Monopoly are different. Andin different periods the wine tax policy is different. Especially during the Nanjing NationalGovernment, wine tax policy has been constantly tried and adjusted. Some of the policies weremore reasonable than before. And no matter how the policy changed, the government tried totake the wine profits as more as possible. Study on the wine policy in the period of the Republicof China, we can see that the wine policy did not play the good role to adjust the production andconsumption. The article is divided into four periods to describe the wine policy of the Republicof China. It tries to sort out the development of the wine policy and the role it played in themodern wine industry in the Republic of China.