Study On The Preparation And Property Of Super Absorbent Polymer Via A One-pot Process And Its Application

The super absorbent polymer(SAP) were synthesized by grafting copolymerization of acrylic acid onto cassava starch(CA-SAP), corn starch (CO-SAP) and acrylic acid self-polymerization (PAA) by a new way that under vacuum via one-pot process. Special investigated that the relationship of water absorbency capability (A) and grafting effective (GE) to CA-SAP was done. Including its absorption to three kinds of solution and its structure analysis by many instruments; the application of the CA-SAP in plant and its biodegradable capability were also studied, the result of these investigation were concrete in following:1、Three kinds of SAP were successfully prepared by one way and same conditions, included8influences such as vacuum dose, crosslinker content, initiator content, monomer and starch ratio, neutralization degree, reaction time, reaction temperature and total water volume. Each factor had5deference points. The condition of the optimum experiment results were vacuum dose-0.08MPa, crosslinker content0.004g, initiator content0.25g,monomer and starch ratio2.5:1, neutralization degree20%, reaction time3h, reaction temperature65℃and total water volume45ml with the best water absorption capacity of CA-SAP1373g/g, CO-SAP1370g/g and PAA450g/g; so this new way suit to prepared starch-g-PAA SAP but PAA.2、The result of the relationship of GE%and A for CA-SAP demonstrate that only vacuum does, initiator content, monomer and starch ratio factors had the same regular pattern nor all. But before all of the CA-SAP have the highest water absorbency, A and GE%have the same trend to increase, then difference to each other. So, for one sample of CA-SAP, its water absorbency higher not equal to grafting effective higher. 3、The occurrence of a graft copolymer was confirmed by FT-IR spectra where it was found to exhibit all characteristic bands of both starch and acrylic acid(AA) units. X-ray spectra show that the crystallization of cassava starch disappeared by graft copolymerization. TG-DSC results demonstrate that CA-SAP had new structure because of its heat bear capability difference to cassava starch and PAA. SEM micrographs of the starch granules showed an irregular shape and varied particle size with a smooth surface, while the graft copolymers had a coarse porous structure and broad network; PM analysis results show the CA-SAP have special network structure. So, the graft copolymerization occurring through this new technology.4、Selecting one sample (M-894) that is of optimum capability of solution absorbency, water retention, intensity, repeated use times, sensitive to different pH solution and then applying it to plant in agriculture.5、Enhance by using the CA-SAP (M-894) effects on the perimeter of stem、 height and weight of the young cassava plant; the M-894bury in soil for365days can biodegrade97.95%far more then that33.82%of the sample to PAA; cassava starch graft poly (acrylic acid) prepared super absorbent polymer is a biodegradable polymer.