Study On The Preparation Of Multifunctional Linen Fabric Via UV-induced Photografting

Linen fabric was photografted with acrylic acid(AA), acrylamide(AM) and2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate(DMAEMA) via ultraviolet(UV) to preparemultifunctional fabric. The grafted polymer was characterized by fourier transform infraredspectra(FTIR), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The effectsof monomer concentration, initiator amount, UV energy and UV wavelength on graft yield oflinen fabrics were studied. The wearability and functionality of grafted fabrics such asdyeability, mechanic properties, wrinkle resistance, air permeability and antibacterial propertywere discussed. The grafted fabrics were dyed with cationic dye, reactive dye and direct dye.The effects of dyeing time, pH value, electrolyte concentration, bath ratio and temperature ondye uptake were studied.The grafting results showed that AA, AM and AA/AM had a higher graft yield thanDMAEMA. At the same grafting condition,AA and AM needed a lower UV energy than thatof DMAEMA.Graft yield increased with the growth of monomer concentration，but higherconcentration of monomer had a side-effect on graft yield. Initiator amount and energy had apositive influence on graft yield. FTIR and SEM analysis proved the existence of the graftedpolymers on the surface of linen fabrics. The crystalline index results indicated that thecrystallinity of photografted linen fabrics was mainly related not to monomer but UVtreatment.The linen fabric via photografting of AA was dyed with cationic dye. The dyeing wasconcentrated in the early stage, irrespective of temperature. After15min, the dye uptakeincreased slowly, inclining to dyeing equilibrium at about60min.The results showd that thatpH value of4-5, bath ratio of1:30-1:40and room temperature were suitable for dyeing, butcolor fastness was not satisfied. The linen fabric via photografting of AM was dyed withreactive dye. The results showed that the dye uptake of photografted linen fabric was higherthan untreated to some extent. High dye uptake was found at the pH value of4-5in initialdyeing bath and at low bath ratio. Fixation temperature of50℃was used for reactive dyeswith iso-bifunctional group. The electrolyte of sodium sulfate could accelerate dyeing and sodium carbonate had an obvious influence on dye fixation. The amino group introduced viaphotografting of acrylamide had a slight contribution to enhancement of dye uptake.The linenfabric via photografting of AA and AM was dyed with cationic dye, reactive dye and directdye. Color fastness was improved with the growth of AM proportion. The linen fabric viaphotografting of DMAEMA was dyed with reactive dye. The tertiary amino groups of thegrafted PDMAEMA chains on the surface of linen fabric were quaternized with bromobutaneto provide quaternary ammonium groups on the surface.The effects of temperature and timeon the quaternary ammoniation ratio were discussed. When the temperature was50℃andtime was8h, quaternary ammoniation ratio reached maximum. The dyeuptake of linen fabricvia quaternizing with bromobutane were improved more significantly.The breaking strength, breaking elongation, fracture work and fracture time increasedafter grafting of vinyl monomers. Bending length increased with the growth of graft yield, butair permeability decreased with the growth of graft yield. Linen fabrics via photografted withDMAEMA were quaternized with bromobutane to provide quaternary ammonium groups onthe surface, which had a good antibacterial effect. The antibacterial ratio achieved99%.The dyeability and mechanical properties of linen fabrics via photografted AA, AM andAA/AM were improved significantly, providing theoretical basis of multifunctional linenfabric. The linen fabric via photografting of DMAEMA presented high dye uptake of reactivedyes and good wrinkle resistance and antibacterial property especially after quaternaryammoniation. Thus, multifunctional linen fabric could be obtained.