Preparation And Application In Plastic Of The Permanent Antistatic Agent

Plastic had been applied extensively in the fields of industry and human daily lives for theproperty of innocuity and lower price. However, plastic had electrostatic accumulation causedby big surface resistivity, which induced electrostatic disaster in the process of producing orapplying. Adding antistatic agent was the most popular method improving the antistaticperformance of polymer material. But the antistatic agent was accommodated hardly in lowhumidity environment for the defects of no enough antistatic property and sensibility toatmospheric humidity.In this research, a new series of effective antistatic agents were designed and synthesizedbased on the mechanism of antistatic agent and law of antistatic additive molecular motion.Then the antistatic agent were added into ABS materials in order to prepare a novel antistaticABS materials. Main content were:Firstly, a novel series of amphiphilic polymer were synthesized by seed pre-emulsificationsemi-continuous emulsion polymerization technology with styrene, butyl acrylate andhydrophilic monomer as monomer. The polymer RY-AA、RY-AM and RY-HEA wereobtainded through anionic emulsion polymerization with acrylic acid/acrylamide/ydroxy-ethyl acrylate as hydrophilic monomer; the polymer RY-DMC were obtaindedthrough Cationic emulsion polymerization with methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammoniumchloride as hydrophilic monomer. The optimal reaction conditions: Anionic emulsionpolymerization: when the polymerization temperature was80℃, the emulsifying agent massfraction was0.75%and initiator mass fraction was0.5%, the synthesized emulsion stableperformance was best, the conversion rate reached to98.42%. Cationic emulsionpolymerization: when the polymerization temperature was70℃, the emulsifying massfraction was3.5%and the initiator mass fraction was0.8%, the synthesis emulsion stableperformance was optimal and the conversion efficiency reached to97.43%. When thehydrophilic monomer mass fraction was40%, the polymer exhibited a good hydrophilicityand the surface resistance was105. Secondly, the anti-electrostatic properties of the synthesized hydrophilic polymer wereinvestigated by determining the surface resistance of ABS samples mixed with the hydrophilicpolymer.ABS samples were prepared by adding antistatic agents into it in different massratios and mixed-well. The results indicated that: When both the mass ratio of RY-HEA andRY-DMC to ABS were4%, the surface resistance values reduced by3～4orders compared tothe pure ABS samples. The surface resistance of ABS samples with antistatic agents droppedgradually before2weeks but kept constant after4weeks. Environment humidity had thecertain influence on electricity performance, the more the humidity, the lower the surfaceresistance. In the case of washing ABS samples with RY-HEA and RY-DMC aired in the roomtemperature, the surface resistance of ABS samples decreased after4weeks which indicatedthat the antistatic agents had good antistatic performance and permanent performance.Material thickness and surface roughness of the samples had a certain influence on theantistatic properties.In addition, it found that the tensile strength and notch strength of ABS had not change withthe addition of synthesized antistatic agents. The structure of the antistatic ABS materialswere observed by SEM.