Study On Pre-treatment And Dyeing Technology Of Feather Fibers

Because feathers are handsome in appearance, color and shiny, soft and bright, so early in the18th century, people will be used in the production of clothing accessories and crafts field. However, feather fibers have not been a wider range of applications due to the feather light and hard to wash. Feather fibers are a kind of natural keratin fibers, which has fluffy structure, good moisture absorption, light and soft, and their advantages can be replaced by other products. Feather products processing enterprises are mostly handmade cottage now, messy production process, dyeing process and the sterilization process by virtue of experience. People lack environmental health and safety awareness. So dyed products with poor color fastness presence use of a security risk. The research of pre-treatment and dyeing in feather fibers is greatly positive significance for environmental protection, resource recycling and development of green product.The pre-treatment process, dyeing methods and conditions have been systematically studied from application security requirements of feather fibers in this thesis. A linear relationship was set up between the main factors affecting the washing effect, which were drawn by orthogonal design, the single factor experiment and response surface method. The quadratic regression equation of dye uptake, formaldehyde content and dyeing conditions were respectively obtained by analysis of factors affecting dyeing conditions with orthogonal and linear regression analysis. Optimal dyeing conditions were received by a comprehensive analysis of the regression equation. The application security assessment model of pretreatment and dyeing was obtained through evaluation and analysis of application security of feather fibers with Comprehensive Evaluation Method-Linear Weighted Composite Method, which will play a significant sole on the actual production.The influencing factors on the washing time, washing temperature, the amount of acid protease and bath ratio were researched when feather fibers were pre-treated using ultrasonic wave and acid protease, which compared with the traditional washing method and feathers detergent washing method.The results showed that:ultrasonic washing method could shorten washing time, reduce washing temperature, decrease wastewater emission, lower microbial content of washed feather fibers, which exhibited better washing effect on feather fibers than that of traditional washing method and feathers detergent washing method. Optimum washing conditions of combination of ultrasonic wave and acid protease as follows:hydrogen peroxide5mL/L, pH value4.0～6.0, washing time20min, washing temperature70℃, amount of acid protease3%(o.w.f.), liquor ratio1:40. The influence of independent variables and their interactions on the bacterial content of washed feather fibers was studied by single factor test, the Box-Benhnken central composite experiment and response surface analysis. A regression prediction model of mesophilic aerobic bacteria content of washed feather fibers as follows: y=3.73333-0.31667x2+0.24167x3+0.52500x12+0.92500x22+0.53750x32+0.41250x42The impact of dyeing effect was researched when feather fibers were dyed using weak acid dyes, reactive dyes and neutral dyes by ultrasonic wave technology. The experimental results indicated that:feather fibers dyeing by ultrasonic wave could shorten dyeing time, increase dyeing uptake, improve color fastness, and reduce the microbical content. The dyeing uptake of weak acid dyes could reach92.1%and color fastness of rubbing could reach3or more, which was significantly better than dyeing effect of the other dyes. By multiple linear regression analysis, quadratic regression models of dyeing uptake, formaldehyde content using weak acid dyes were respectively established.The effect of amount of acid protease, washing time, washing temperature, amount of dyes, dyeing time, dyeing temperature and dye bath on security of feather fibers was studied by a linear weighted method. The characterization results demonstrated that:optimum washing and dyeing process conditions of ultrasonic wave as follows:amount of acid protease3%, washing time20min, washing temperature70℃, amount of dyes2%, dyeing time40min, dyeing temperature80℃,dyeing ratio1:40. To consider in terms of uptake, color fastness to rubbing, formaldehyde content and bacterial content, application security assessment model of pre-treatment and dyeing was established as follows: The model had a high fitting precision and a good predicting ability.