A Case Study On Urban Ecosystem Management

Urbanization has become an irreversible trend, and as the ecological and theoretical research focus, ecological carrying capacity has been the fundamental of supporting the city’s sustainable development. Shanghai, the young immigrant city, has been confronted with resource shortages, environmental pollution and population explosion which should occur in stages. Shanghai experiences these problems in a short term of the rapid urbanization process. Therefore, this paper selects Shanghai as a significantly typical representative case study.Through the establishment of System Dynamics models and interaction with a series of complex function to analyze the Shanghai’s ecological carrying capacity in the next10years. We can explore industrial coordination mechanisms, population dynamics, social development and regional ecological carrying capacity to propose preferred strategy in natural environment, the optimal allocation of the economic, social, and urban management and so on. It shows important scientific significance of urban ecology research. What’s more, it provides scientific basis and technical support for the realization of sustainable urban development and resource-saving society building.The main results show that there are obviously deficiencies in funds input and achievements output of science and technology research and development. It is the top priority to enhance the level of city’s science and technology research and development. Here are data indicates that R&D spending in Shanghai in2011was3.11%, whereas only5.46%increase was tracked in near future development. In2020R&D expenditure to GDP will reach3.28%, which still has a gap off the city’s indicative carrying capacity objectives. In addition, the index which represents the research achievements is only1/3of the indicative carrying capacity objectives. Shanghai must therefore increase investment in R&D research and try to set up multiple incentives to encourage universities, research institutions, companies and individuals to contribute to R&D results which support to enhance the competitiveness of the city to speed up high-tech industries. We should develop science and technology into an internal driving force to strengthen urban economics’ development steadily and rapidly.Shanghai attaches little importance to education especially in basic education. Research talents and high-quality laborer population accounted for lower proportion. There is an urgent need to strengthen human resources support. The proportion of the number of college level educated population in2020is less than50%of the total population which stands for high-level human resources support. Our city should ensure gross enrollment ratio in compulsory education and high school one. Government must put enough attention on launching relevant regulations to security gross enrollment ratio of children of migrant workers in Shanghai. And further improvement on teachers’team building work is quite necessary.In the resource supply level, the current urban green space, water consumption and energy supply capacity are in good condition. Per capita greenbelt area in2020is expected to achieve14.31m2/person, which exceeds recommended targets. In terms of water consumption per unit of GDP, there has a decrease from historical data recorded in2011of16.22m3/ten thousand yuan to10.68m3/ten thousand yuan in2020. In the aspect of energy consumption per unit GDP, Shanghai has realized the successful change into high-efficiency energy consumption city of0.47tce/ten thousand yuan in2020.In order to create sustainable ecological city, we need continue to promote the urban land-saving strategy, returning green land to citizen. What’s more, we should speed up rational allocation of industry, raise enterprise production-water-cycling rate and the adjustment of high water consumption industries. On the other hand, strengthen the public with water saving sense and promote several popular scientific water circulating tips are also do important. Furthermore, steady progress should be made in the adjustment of urban ecological energy structure and rational allocation of industry. At last, we also need to cultivate the public’s awareness of saving electricity and develop new type of green efficient energy.In the environmental carrying capacity level, the present COD and SO2emissions intensity of Shanghai are proved to be in ecological surplus situation. In order to keep and increase the elasticity of environmental carrying capacity, we must optimize the city layout, control pollution emission source and enhance ability to deal with the waste.We have set a precedent to conduct ecosystem-carrying-capacity-based urban management of rapid urbanization in metropolis which shows scientific significance of urban ecology research. Furthermore, our research provides important scientific basis and technical support for realization of sustainable urban development and resources-saving society building.