The Simulation Of Ice Cover In Long Distance Water Transfer Project

Long distance water transfer project has become an effective way to solveunevenly distributed water resources in recent years. However, the water diversioncanals are usually characterized by long lines and large space span, so the iceproblems are inevitably encountered in ice period. The appearance of ice jam and icecover, which are formed by stack,jammed and collective ice, has a certain impact onthe water conveyance and engineering facilities, even cause the dike burst and otherdisasters. Scholars in China and abroad have done some research on ice problems andmade some progress, but most of the research were based on one-dimensional model,research on two-dimensional model were relatively less. Based on the two-dimensional model CE-QUAL-W2, the paper makes further research on ice problem.Specific content of the study are as follows:(1) The paper reviews the research status and means of long distance watertransfer project in ice period, meanwhile the growth and decay mechanism of ice and thevelocity distribution under ice cover are introduced.(2) Taking the canal of water supply project in Jinji Wuzhong, Ningxia forexample, the two-dimensional model CE-QUAL-W2is applied to simulate thethickness of ice cover. The simulation results are compared with the results reportedby Jing Hefang. It is vertified that the feasibility of CE-QUAL-W2to simulate thegrowth and decay of ice cover, which also can provide some reference for thesimulation of ice cover growth in similar diversion canals.(3) CE-QUAL-W2is applied to simulate the ice cover process of BeijingShijiazhuang section of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project.The ice cover thickness process is analyzed by taking into account of the change ofinflow, water depth and the temperature of inflow. At the same time, the sensitivity ofmodel parameters dynamic shading coefficient and wind-sheltering coefficient areanalyzed.(4) By the critical hydraulic criteria of the initial smooth ice cover forming, themaximum flow capacity under givern water level of Beijing Shijiazhuang section ofthe Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project is determined. Based onthat, meteorological data of different typical years are collected. The ice cover thickness of different typical years and velocity distribution under maximum flowcapacity are analyzed. Meanwhile, the paper gives some suggestions which are learntfrom successful experiences of other projects for the Middle Route of South-to-NorthWater Diversion Project.