Study On Hydraulic Energy Accumulation And Conservation Technique For The Wheel Loader

With the widespread use of loaders, the problems gradually stand out. Firstly, wheel loader brakes frequently during loading processes and releases a lot of braking energy due to the weight, this energy dissipates into the atmosphere in the form of frictional heat; Secondly, when the boom lowers and bucket dumps, the boom, bucket and items within bucket with gravitational potential energy, and this energy consumes in hydraulic system, which makes hydraulic system high temperature. If braking energy, potential of boom lowers and bucket dumps would be recovery for reuse, the loaders would be more energy-saving and efficient.The main research contents of this paper were as follows:Firstly,5t wheel loader was selected for the study, existing loader fuel consumption high, maintenance costs high, work efficiency low, so, a new type of energy storage and saving work device hydraulic system was designed, and its work principle was described in detail, braking energy was recycled by accumulator, gravity potential energy was recycled by low-voltage closed oil tank, and recycled energy was put into boom raises and lowers, bucket rolls back and dumps, to reduce the loader fuel consumption and to increase loading efficiency.Secondly, without altering the boom, connecting rods, rocker arm, bucket and loader pump of the existing loader, parameters of main components of hydraulic system of the new type energy storage and saving were matched, such as displacement of braking energy recovery pump was determined, parameters of hydraulic valves were determined, pressure and initial volume of accumulator was determined, capacity of the low-voltage closed oil tank was determined.Finally, stages of loader v-mount operating conditions were analysed, the potential energy recovery mechanism was described, the models of loader braking energy recovery and release were established, simulation was carried out by the Matlab/simulink, fuel consumption of the new energy-saving hydraulic system of loader lower than the original15%, work efficiency of boom raises, lowers and bucket dumps higher10%, the whole machine working efficiency higher5%at least. In turn displacement of the braking energy recovery pumps, initial volume of accumulator and braking energy recovery pump drive shaft gear ratio was changed, receiving effect of energy-saving in varying parameter mode, which provided theoretical support for application of the new energy storage and saving of hydraulic system in loader vehicle.