| Flood Prevention and waterlogging harnessing are of great significance forthe city development and construction. It could not only guarantee the normaloperation of the city and citizens’ live and work, but also provide the fundamentalsafeguard for the economic development. As a city with long history of floods anddroughts, Qingdao features the particular geographic location, various landformsand uneven temporal distribution of precipitation, which determine the importanceof flood prevention and waterlogging harnessing.In recently years, with the development and extension of the urban area andthe increase in population, combined with the disordered discharge of productionand domestic sewage, as well as garbage, the median and small river channels inurban are partially blocked, and the low flood prevention standards of main stemalso cannot satisfy the need of flood prevention and waterlogging harnessing; Theimperfect construction of urban rainfall system, the insufficient drainage capacity,the aged construction of drainage pipelines and the lack of integral planning makeit impossible to fulfill the flood prevention standard. Besides, storm surge, causedby the over exploitation of coastal line, is gradually becoming the importantconstrain of the socio-economic development. With all above, the integratedregulations of the seawall brook no delay.The research domain in this paper is consisted of6districts, which areShinnan, Shibei, Licang, Laoshan, Chengyang and the original Huangdao districts.At beginning, the environmental profile such as geography and landform et.al, isdescribed, and the historical characteristics of flood disaster and the recent effortson flood prevention are analyzed; then the drainage modulus and outflow of mainstems in urban area are calculated based on the extrapolation of storm data, thedrainage outflows are263.03、1859.42、248.31and1053.62m3/s, and the modulus are7.95、12.96、7.83and11.24m~3/s·km~2, respectively for Haibo River, Licun River,Loushan River and Baisha River; in the end, on the basis of investigation oncurrently available flood prevention facilities, as well as the hydrologicalcalculation results, several specific countermeasures are proposed in the followingfour perspectives:(1)In order to meet the flood prevention standard, levee construction of riverchannels, the cross-section style, embankment project, dredging project, buildingproject and soil-water conservation projects are designed specifically, and theflood control standards of all river channels can be satisfied by river dredging,dike consolidation, sewage interception, reforest planning, as well as newnecessary engineering measures for impoundment, interception, detention anddraining.(2) In order to meet the prevention standard of storm surge, new seawallprojects are set up around Laoshan, Chengyang and Huangdao districts, and theneeded levee elevation, width as well as the cross-section are calculated toenhance the capacity of against storm surge and optimize the coastal line.(3) New and rebuilt design proposals of rainfall primary and secondary stemand pumping stations are raised to direct the drainage outlets in the vulnerableflooding urban area;(4) Non-engineering measures are considered as an integral component of theurban flood prevention system; detailed studies on the establishment of commandsystem and administrative organization, as well as prediction scheme for floodcontrol are carried out to ensure the flood prevention projects function sufficientlyand enduringly.Based on the description above, this study can improve the urban capabilitiesfor flood prevention and drainage, protect the sustainable economic developmentand improve the water environment in coastline, and has significant benefits onflood prevention, environment and society. |
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