The Study On Plateau Gradient’s Highway Water Disaster Prevention And Emergency Rescue Technology

China is a vast country, which topography is high in west and low in east, andwhich terrain is complex and changeable. The difference of elevation gradient betweeneast and west is thousands of meters, the temperature decrease with the increase ofelevation gradient. So under different elevation gradient, the highway in our countrywill be affected by different types of water disasters. Under different elevation gradient,the highway will be damaged by different forms of water disasters, such as riverwashing, landslide, debris flow, freeze, hanging ice, avalanche and so on. The TibetanPlateau and the Tangshan Mountain is the main region, which highway is damaged bywater disasters, the snow and avalanche on the plateau region almost caused devastatingdamage on traffic. At the same time, the highway water disasters also destroyed theexpressway ecological stability of the plateau region.It is a specific engineering system on highway prevention and emergency rescue ofwater disasters in plateau gradient. At first, this paper put forward on the definition ofplateau gradient zone, and discussed the type, characteristic and distribution of thehighway water disasters on plateau gradient. On the basis of the above, through theanalysis of the damage conditions and influence factors of slope instability mechanismunder the condition of water disasters, landslide and debris flow prevention and controltechnology measures are put forward under the condition of water disasters. In turn,landslide and debris flow of emergency rescue measures are put forward under thecondition of water disasters. Under the condition of different altitude gradients(temperature), through the analysis of the mechanism of water disasters, which includeroads iced, tunnels hanging ice, embankment washed and roads blocked, the measuresfor prevention and control of water disasters are put forward for each altitude gradient.In view of water damages under the gradient on the plateau regions, the performance ofthe machine should have on the emergency rescue is elaborated, and studied theemergency rescue technical from three aspects which contain the emergency personnel,equipped machines and materials.Studies have shown that, the highway water disasters on plateau gradient have itstime and space distribution rules. The characteristics of water disasters on plateaugradient zone are high hazard rate, wide influence, lots of engineering disasters and human activities affected etc. According to the mechanism analysis of slopes under thecondition of water disasters in different plateau gradients, the landslide and debris waterdisaster prevention and emergency rescue measures are target put forward. In terms ofwater disasters forecast, water disasters forecast system based on GIS is put forward,and water disasters, which contain road iced, hanging ice etc., are effectively forecasted.At last, through the analysis of the prevention and rescue measures on maintaininghighway ecological stability and disaster types, the prevention and emergency rescuemeasures on maintaining highway ecological on maintaining highway ecological in theplateau gradient are discussed in this paper.