Research On The Choice Of Delivery Vehicle Type In City Center Area

At present, most cities in China adopt restricted measures for the delivery vehicles,such as the prohibition of large trucks entering the city, a limited number of truck passes,which force the distribution companies to use passenger cars to delivery goods. Anumber of scholars and businesses assume that the change causes the problem of theincreasing of vehicles a, traffic safety, traffic congestion and other issues in the citycenter. However, some large foreign cities like Tokyo, London and Paris do not makesuch prohibition for trucks. The standard delivery vehicles (including large trucks) canenter the city center to perform distribution tasks. Therefore, many scholars andentrepreneurs propose that the Government should develop the standard of deliveryvehicles models in a timely manner, in order to release the control of urban distributionvehicles, standards-compliant trucks (including large trucks) into the city center toperform the distribution tasks. In addition, in2009, the State Council promulgated the"logistics industry restructuring and revitalization plan", which emphasize clearly that weshould strengthen urban distribution vehicle type choice and solve the traffic problems ofurban delivery vehicles. However, whether large trucks should be allowed to work in thecity and increase truck passes, domestic scholars on this issue is not conducted in-depthempirical research, so their recommendations are lack of convincing.This research bases on the practice of city distribution in Beijing, Shanghai, Tokyo,London, Paris and other cities, summarized three typical urban distribution vehicle modelstrategies: small and medium-sized vehicle strategy represented by Beijing and Shanghai;large and medium-sized vehicle strategy represented by Tokyo; hybrid vehicle strategyrepresented by London and Paris.Then, this research build a model strategy for theevaluation index system from the perspective of the managers of city traffic, the carrier,shipper, urban residents and other stakeholders.On that two selection models are built.Ultimately, the models use a Genetic Algorithms (GA) to simulate the three kinds ofstrategies. The simulation results show that urban traffic managers should take intoaccount the increase in trucks passes to the distribution companies, while allowing largevehicles to enter the city center to perform distribution tasks. But the load capacity ofheavy vehicles is not the bigger, the result is the better, there is an optimal value to find.In addition, the results show that the strategy of large and medium-sized vehiclesrepresented by Tokyo is a very effective model strategy.