| Villages, the best coexistence space evolved from the long-term strugglebetween man and nature, is a stable life cycle system and it can adjust to itself. Thereare deep historical and cultural connotations and rich natural geographical landscapein ancient villages, which retains a variety of material and non-material heritage.Being a distinct region, it plays an important role in human life and socialdevelopment. However, under the impact of modern economic and life pattern, thehistoric background, regional characteristics and the overall shape of ancient villageare gradually eroded. Therefore, it is of great importance to conduct research on it.The Nuodeng ancient village located in Yunlong County, Dali, Yunnan province,came into existence early in the Western Han Dynasty, and further developed in Mingand Qing Dynasties. Depending on its salt industry and prosperous culture, this Baimountain village has a history of more than1300years. Thanks for its isolatedgeographic location, the village escaped from the impact of modern lifestyle, and itsoriginal view was reserved properly. Since2002, the ancient village has been listed as" Yunnan Historical and cultural village ","Chinese historical and cultural village" andthe first "Chinese landscape village", it has a high value of research.Based on thewhole Nuodeng ancient village, the present study uses literature analysis, on-the-spotinvestigation, it investigates Nuodeng’s settlement landscape from both the macro andmicro perspectives, and then, the protection and development plan of Nuodengancient village is put forward. From the macro aspect, the thesis in question studiesthe evolution and internal development strive of Nuodeng ancient village from theangle of natural, cultural, and economic background (in particular, salt industry);besides, the layout pattern of the ancient village is also analyzed. From the microaspect, it explores the features and interrelations of the architectures, streets, waternetworks, and other public sections within the village. Based on the research inquestion, the following points can be concluded:(1) The historical evolution ofNuodeng ancient village，Depending on the rise of salt industry and geographicconditions, the evolution of Nuodeng ancient village can be summarized as a patternof "core (the salt well)-development axis--growing point-spreading area-subprimegrowing point". The ancient village evolves from its early "point" development mode to a "ribbon" development mode along the mountain and river; and finally it presentsa stable "grouping shape".(2) The general pattern of Nuodeng ancient village，The siteof Nuodeng ancient village abides by traditional Geomancy theory, a unique patternof "mountain-village-river-village-mountain", presenting a harmonious state of"people-settlement-environment". The ancient village belongs to the development offreedom "multiple combinations model" settlement, and also the typical "mountaintype settlement". The whole village represents in shape "U" type, the space is in a "V"shape; Hexi district building ethnic group shows "the convex" form, and hedongdistrict presents a "concave" form. The settlement shows a space sequence:"opentype space"-" half a closing space "-" closing space ". The settlement has threeborders: the natural boundary, the psychological boundary and the skyline.(3) Themajor landscape elements of Nuodeng ancient village，The main components ofNuodeng ancient village include: the water landscape, public space, node andbuildings. The street system is divided into four types based on different functions:the main roads, the main streets, roads between houses and the path. The transitionsbetween main streets are turnings and crossings; the street space connections include:the ramp, the platform and the steps. There are three categories of Deng’s public spaceand node: the settlement entrance, the distributed square and the market space.(4) Thearchitectural characteristics of Nuodeng ancient village，The basic building unit ofNuodeng ancient village is "SanGeYuan" and "Courtyard", the courtyard combinationof the village is mainly combined yard and group tied for combined yard. Typicalresidence pattern of Nuodeng village includes "desktop siheyun","the five drippingsiheyun" and "pocket small courtyard", it is a perfect combination of architecture andnatural environment; The village temple, the ancestral temple, stage and officers arethe special products in a particular historical period, which are mainly influenced bythe local culture and salt industry.(5) The protection and development plan ofNuodeng ancient village，It is suggested that Nuodeng ancient village be divided intocore reservations, construction control zone and environment protection district, andto be protected accordingly.There are a multitude of development measures:establishing exhibition hall household museum, improving tour guidance; planning tourist routes and tourist attractions reasonably, enhancing the tourists’ participationand ways of experience, carrying out the "salt ancient road" tourist routes,establishing the research base, and partly restore the market function of Nuodengancient village.Specific improvement suggestions include: correcting settlemententrance, improving street system, fostering a Nuo river sightseeing area, integratingbuildings and perfecting the business services within the village. |
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