Finite Element Method Analysis Of Wheel And Axle’s Pressing Process

In the railway of locomotive and vehicle, axle is an important component of locomotive. For decades, our country adopt the method of pressing process. In the present, China still adopt interference fit to install wheel and axle which is a cold installation. But the specific details are much improved, and the percent of passing has greatly been promoted. But in the process of cold installation usually occurs the phenomenon that axle and wheel wear,which greatly reduces the reliability and service life of axle. So the quality of installation of axle and wheel have the direct bearing on the safety of locomotive and vehicle. Therefore studying installation of axle and wheel has a positive influence on saving the installation cost and ensuring the safety of the locomotive.The whole outline model of axle and wheel is designed in proportion of1:1by using software Pro/E.And then the outline model is imported to the finite element software of HyperMesh to divide two-dimensional grids. On the premise of no affecting the calculation results,in order to decrease the computing time and reduce calculation amount. The contact segment of wheel and axle is subdivided and non-contact segment is expending. Three-dimensional grids are spined based on the divided two-dimensional grid. Three-dimensional grids are imported to the finite element software Marc. The elastic-plastic contact calculation is processed by using Von Mises yield criterion. In the calculating process, considering the material nonlinearity, interference, friction coefficient and the speed of installation for the influence of the stress, the stress distribution is compared. Some conclusions are drawn:the tress concentration is always in the just contact point of wheel and axle;the equivalent stress of wheel is higher than that of axle;the stress in the just contact point is very high,and with the interference increasing, it increases; no matter the variety of interference or friction coefficient, after wheel and axle contact, the stress decreases sharply;no matter the variety of interference or friction coefficient, after wheel and axle contact stability,stress reduce gradually finally and tend to be stable;the maximum stress of axle is in the cusp of the slope and linear.