Cargo Transportation Structure Optimization Research Based On Energy Consumption

ABSTRACT:Energy is the material foundation for human life and the important resources for economic development. With the rapid development of economy, the total energy consumption in China is continuously increasing. Logistics industry is a high-energy consumption industry. As an important part of logistics system, cargo transportation energy consumption accounted for a larger proportion of China’s logistics energy consumption. In addition to the corresponding energy-saving policy and new science and technology to reduce transportation energy consumption, it is necessary to study cargo transportation structure to save energy and reduce consumption.Our country’s current cargo transportation structure and energy consumption are analyzed using statistical data. Introducing the total energy consumption constraint, the optimization model of cargo transportation structure based on energy consumption is built. First, based on the operational characteristics of five modes of transportation, the concept of cargo transportation structure is put forward, namely the composition of cargo transportation and the proportional relation of different modes of transportation. Second, the total cargo transportation energy consumption and proportion change of energy consumption of five modes of transportation in China is analyzed. The main influence factors of cargo transportation energy consumption are the social and economic development level, cargo transportation energy intensity, cargo transportation structure and service quantity of cargo transportation and their contributions are analyzed. Third, with the minimum total cargo transportation energy consumption in a country or a region as the objective function, cargo transportation structure optimization model based on energy consumption is built. Finally, the model is applied to China in2010.The optimal solution attained by LINGO program shows much energy consumption can be saved completing the equivalent total freight turnover and the structure adjustment cost is much less than the environmental benefit. It proves the feasibility and rationality of the model and provides reference for the sustainable development of cargo transportation of a country or a region in the future.