Research On Railway Ticket Pricing Based On Competition Among Different Transportation Models

Currently. Chinese railway is in the stage of rapid development, especially the construction of high-speed rail passenger line and the planning of the "four vertical and four horizontal" railway fast passenger corridor in recent years, which has become an important symbol of the leaps of Chinese railway and the competition will be much fiercer. The existing railway tickets at cost price in China, is not flexible enough, has not well adapted to the market requirements, therefore, the development of railway passenger fares has become a very important work, and will directly affect passenger rail market share.Firstly, this paper analyzes the railways, highways, aviation competitive advantages and disadvantages of the three modes of transport, and then analyzes the factors affecting the choice of passenger travel, transportation services focusing on property factors are analyzed and give quantified. Secondly, a utility function is established based on transport service attribute, and establish a method for solving utility value of service attribute and the weight of the transport service parameters. Thirdly, this paper analyzes the characteristics of disaggregate model and disaggregate model, multivariate logit model was constructed based on an integrated utility, predicting their market share. Finally, transport pricing model was constructed for market share, when the railroad’s competitors-highway and civil aviation service attribute parameters are fixed, the railway passenger fares repeatedly adjust, they will produce different integrated comprehensive utility values, determining the choices of mode of passenger travel, which affected the market share rate of the mode of transport. The transport market share rate fully reflect the competitive mode of transport, and the relationship researched between research fares and sharing rate, according to the mode of transport pricing is based on the contribution rate to transport competition-oriented, to determine a reasonable passenger rail ticket price.By the Guangzhou-Shenzhen line, Cheng-yu line, the Beijing-Shanghai line three instances in different transport distance and competitive conditions, according to a comprehensive utility model has been established, Logit models and pricing models to determine a reasonable fare rate. After the empirical analysis, this paper argues, to develop high-speed rail0.58yuan/person km fare rates in a short distance, to develop0.14yuan/person km fare rates in the middle distance, to develop0.5yuan/person km fare rates in a long distance is quite reasonable.