| Mei(Prunus mume Sieb.et Zucc.) is an important economically horticultural plant that belongs to the sub-family Prunoideae within the Rosaceae and is cultivated widely in East Asian countries. It can be classified either as, fruiting-mei and flowering-mei, based on utilization. Mei originates from China, and has a long history, Mei has been used by Man for7,000years and the cultivation history for over3,000years. Although there is difference in the practical applications and research between flowering-mei and fruiting-mei, flowering-mei and fruiting-mei are of the same plant, belong to the same genus and species or varieties to botanical classification.Mei had a long cultivate history and very rich in germplasm resource in China. The study on the genetic relationships and identification of mei germplasm resources can benefit the conservation, classification, identification, genetic enhancement and effective utilization of mei germplasm resources. Currently, with the development of molecular marker, molecular marker was widely used in taxonomy of plant. RAPD (random-amplified polymorphic DNA) and EST-SSR (EST simply sequence repeat) as highly polymorphic and economic marker were used to test the genetic relationships and evaluation of mei variety resources in this paper experiment, this paper emphatically researches of flowering-mei, the main results are as follows:1. In order to utilize RAPD better in the identification of mei(Prunus mume) cultivars and mei genetic analysis, agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used to verify RAPD amplified products of the genomic DNA of16mei cultivars were compared. The results showed that the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) for RAPD amplified fragments of P. mume presents more bands and more polymorphic bands than agarose gel electrophoresis. The dendrograms derived from the analysis of RAPD results were consistant to the traditional classification based on morphological traits. The random sequencing of25fragments showed that all the fragments were of PCR products of RAPD from the corresponding primer, among which four sequences were regions of encoding protein genes, suggesting RAPD can amplify both protein-encoding and non-protein encoding gene sequences.2. Twenty-three effective primers were screened from100RAPD arbitrary primers, and a total of131fragments were amplified from total genomic DNA of46cultivars, in which there are107 polymorphic bands and the percentage of polymorphic bands accounts for81.%. NTSYS software and UPGMA were employed to calculate genetic similarity coefficient and cluster analysis. The results indicated that similarity coefficients were between0.63～0.83, all the46mei cultivars could be classified into5groups, instead of two groups consisting of only flowering mei or fruiting mei, respectively. This suggested that flowering mei and fruiting mei are of the same plant. The results were consistent with the results from previous researches with SSR and SNP markers, respectively.3. Sixteen pairs of EST-SSR primers developed from apricot were employed in PCR amplification for detecting the transferability of these primers used in54flowering-mei accessions, and then analysis of genetic relationships of all the54accessions by the8transferable EST-SSR primers and9fruiting-mei primers. The results suggested that the establishment of transferable EST-SSR markers between apricot and mei is feasible and has great application value. |
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