Preliminary Study On Biological Characteristic And The Screen Of Colchi-Cine Mutated Strain Of Abelmoschus Manihot (L.) Medic

In order to provide theoretical basis for producing Abelmoschi corolla materials of high and controllable quality, the growth-development law, salt resistance and the harvest and process were studied. And in order to provide experimental basis for germplasm improvement of Abelmoschus manihot, chemical mutation was used for good mutated strain. The results were as follows:1. Dynamic change of growth and the phenophase of Abelmoschus manihot from Jiangsu province were studied. The results showed that the seeds shoud be sowing around the tomb-sweeping day, after9-15days, the seedling emergenced. The plant growed faster at about early and mid June, July was its full growth stage, at late July, the Abelmoschus manihot plant began to blossom, every flower sustained for1day, and the blooming period was between late July to mid October. From September to October, the capsule became mature in succession; The growth of Abelmoschiis manihot was mainly before September, especially between July and August, after mid in the September the plant height almost did not change; From emergence to the full growth stage, there were about9-11leaves in the leading shoot and about3-10leaves in the first grade branch; At late July, the flower bud were already turned up, but few could be seen, the number of flower bud reached the top value during late August and September.2. Applied NaCl at concentrations of0(CK),0.1%,0.3%,0.5%and0.7%for salt stress treatments in Abelmoschus manihot growth period. The results showed that seed germination of Abelmoschus manihot was inhibited under the salt stress and the activity of SOD, POD and CAT increased first and then decreased with increased salinity. Compared to the control, contents of MDA and proline in leaves of Abelmoschus manihot increased at different degrees under salt stress.3. The salt stress experimental results showed that Na+mainly accumulated in the root of Abelmoschus manihot and the content of Na+improved while Ca2+in each organ accumulated with increased salinity and the content distribution was root<stem<leaf. K+distributed in the root, stem and leaf and NaCl stress had great effect on hyperin content of Abelmoschus manihot corollas, and the content of hyperin in corollas treated with0.3%NaCl solution was the highest.4. Based on studying purification of β-Gal of Abelmoschus manihot flowers and its characteristics, found that the optimum extracting condition of β-Gal from Abelmoschus manihot flowers was extracting12h at4℃for3times the amount of (V/W) phosphate buffer. The optimum saturation of ammonium sulfate for salting-out was30%and70%. The β-Gal reached the highest total activity and had good thermal stability at55℃. The activity decreased rapidly above70℃.5. The results showed that the corolla had the highest content of hyperin and a little hyperin were found in the calyces and ovary. Activity of β-Gal in corolla was significantly higher compared with the calyces and ovary. The Abelmoschus manihot flower totally blossomed out at9:00am when the content of hyperin got to the highest point. As the collecting time in a day and storage time went by, the activity of β-Gal increased gradully, the content of hyperin declined, in contrast.6. Colchicines of0.1%,0.3%,0.5%were used to soak the Abelmoschus manihot seeds for12h,18h,24h,48h, separately. The results showed that mutated strain were found, of which the plant height was lower than the normal, the number of first grade branch increased, stem got coarser, the leaf got thicker, the flower got bigger and the petal became thicker. Compared to the plants in the control group, the mutated strain had bigger stomata but smaller density of stomata, and the number of chloroplast in the stomata guard cell increased. There were changes for the genome base pair of four mutated strains in the treated group, the ITS sequence of NO.2had one base deletion compared to the control, the ITS sequence of NO.8and NO.9had one base deletion and one mutation of A-G, NO.14had on base deletion and one mutation of C-G Contents of hyperin in four mutated strains in the treated group were significantly higher than that in the control, contents of myricetin in five strains increased, contents of quercetin in four strains increased significantly compared to the control.