The Effect Of The Social Economy Of The Neighborhood Communities On The Opening Nature Reserve

Tongling River Dolphin National Nature Reserve is an opening wetland nature reserve. It is located in the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River. The total area of the reserve is31518hm2. The water surface area is12474hm2. The area of central islands and tidal flats is19044hm2. The nature reserve covers11central islands. The majority of the residents live in7central islands. The islanders live mainly by plantation industry, fishing and forestry as a supplement. The islanders exceptionally heavily depend on the natural resource. Their economic activities exert an effect on the construction and management of Tongling River Dolphin National Nature Reserve. Therefore, in order to effectively protect wetland ecosystem and river dolphin, we must understand the status of community economic; To set up Community—based Wetland Management; To promote community economic structure restructuring.In this paper, PRA semi-structured interviews and PRA questionnaires, site inspection are used to investigate5surrounding communities. The interviewees include the local governments, the local residents, and the staff members of the scenic area. The investigation mainly contains the industrial structure and the economic environment of5communities. Investigators analyze the correlative factors what impact on the nature reserve. Moreover, they put practicable measures and suggestions in allusion to the factors.The research has revealed that, the behaviors what produce an impact on Tongling nature reserve involve an act of planting, fishing, shipping business, illegal and random sand excavation in main river courses, wildlife hunting and phragmites picking. Through analyzing and discussing, we put forward suggestions as below:①To boost community economic structure restructuring and develop tourism.②To set up Community—based Wetland Management model.③To Strengthen water pollution control and improve Yangtze finless porpoise living environment.④To Strengthen the ex-situ conservation of Yangtze Finless Porpoise.⑤The nature reserve need to strengthen environmental protection propaganda. In addition, we make suggestions about the Nature Reserver by its own restrictive factors.