Investigation Of Fish Community In Jilin Songhua River Sanhu National Nature Reserve

The survey on the fish community in the Sanhu national nature reserve of Songhua River in Jilin province was conducted from April2012to October2013, which included6filed investigations during three hydrological periods. The survey area was expanded to the headstream region of major tributaries in order to get a thorough understanding of fish distribution in the nature reserve.12sampling sites were set up in the survey area. The methods of site visiting and specimen collection were mainly used during the investigation. More than80people were visited and60questionnaires were hand out during the survey. As many as362various fish specimens were collected in all. The result was as follows:A detailed analysis was made on the distribution of fish community in Sanhu reserve. The result of the survey shows that56fish species inhabit in the Sanhu nature reserve belonging to46genera in17families. The5dominant species account for8.93%of the total species number. The10rare species were found and add up for17.86%of the total species number. The41common species account for up to73.31%of the total species number. In this detailed survey, we confirmed that Esox reicherti Dybowsky, Elopichthys bambusa (Richaronds), Hucho taimen Pallas, Coregonus ussurinsis Berg, Silurus soldatovi Nikolrky et Soin have not been found in this area for last ten years so they are considered as extinct species. Salvelinus malma Walbaum, Zacco platypus (Temminck et Schlegel), Micropterus salmoides, Hemisalanx prognathus (Regan) are the newly-added4species in Sanhu nature reserve.The community status of the9protected species and rare species in the Sanhu reserve such as distribution and population size was elaborated..The fish species with different ecological habits in Sanhu reserve have been identificated from the following four aspects:settlement type, food habit, spawning type and inhabit space. In addition, the changes of the proportions have been discussed compared with historical documents.In general, abundant fish resources was still the status of the Sanhu reserve. However, the large scale water conservancy and hydroelectric power projects lead to a decline in fish populations laying floating eggs. The river ecosystem hasn’t reached a state of equilibrium.